首页 > 解决方案 > 如何从 lein run 调试 NullPointerException?

问题描述

我正在尝试创建一个简单的 Clojure 应用程序来解析标准输入并相应地执行一些命令。我创建了一个新的leiningen项目lein new app myproject并将我的代码添加到src/myproject/core.clj

(ns myproject.core
  (:require [clojure.string :as str])
  (:gen-class))

(def global-vector (ref [{:name "Bob" :age 22} {:name "Alice" :age 21}]))

(defn call [fn_name & fn_args]
  (apply (resolve (symbol fn_name)) (map keyword fn_args)))

(defn select
  [key]
  (dosync
    (map #(get % key) @global-vector)))

(defn -main []
  (while true
    (let [[command cargs] (str/split (read-line) #" ")]
    (println (call command cargs)))))

这里要明确的是重现我正在尝试做的事情的步骤:

运行时,一切似乎都按预期工作lein repl

myproject.core=> (select :name)
("Bob" "Alice")
myproject.core=> (apply select [:name])
("Bob" "Alice")
myproject.core=> (call "select" "name")
("Bob" "Alice")
myproject.core=> (let [[a b] (str/split "select name" #" ")]
        #_=>     (println (call a b)))
(Bob Alice)
nil
myproject.core=> (-main)
select name
(Bob Alice)

但是当我运行它lein run并输入一些输入时,我得到一个NullPointerException

$lein run
select name
Syntax error (NullPointerException) compiling at (/private/var/folders/lt/z56f492j3f3gcdf83y4f8x2r0000gn/T/form-init2363625704485841211.clj:1:125).
null

Full report at:
/var/folders/lt/z56f492j3f3gcdf83y4f8x2r0000gn/T/clojure-6381054570172229346.edn

以下是报告文件的内容:

{:clojure.main/message
 "Syntax error (NullPointerException) compiling at (/private/var/folders/lt/z56f492j3f3gcdf83y4f8x2r0000gn/T/form-init2363625704485841211.clj:1:125).\nnull\n",
 :clojure.main/triage
 {:clojure.error/phase :compile-syntax-check,
  :clojure.error/line 1,
  :clojure.error/column 125,
  :clojure.error/source "form-init2363625704485841211.clj",
  :clojure.error/path
  "/private/var/folders/lt/z56f492j3f3gcdf83y4f8x2r0000gn/T/form-init2363625704485841211.clj",
  :clojure.error/class java.lang.NullPointerException},
 :clojure.main/trace
 {:via
  [{:type clojure.lang.Compiler$CompilerException,
    :message
    "Syntax error compiling at (/private/var/folders/lt/z56f492j3f3gcdf83y4f8x2r0000gn/T/form-init2363625704485841211.clj:1:125).",
    :data
    {:clojure.error/phase :compile-syntax-check,
     :clojure.error/line 1,
     :clojure.error/column 125,
     :clojure.error/source
     "/private/var/folders/lt/z56f492j3f3gcdf83y4f8x2r0000gn/T/form-init2363625704485841211.clj"},
    :at [clojure.lang.Compiler load "Compiler.java" 7648]}
   {:type java.lang.NullPointerException,
    :at [clojure.core$apply invokeStatic "core.clj" 665]}],
  :trace
  [[clojure.core$apply invokeStatic "core.clj" 665]
   [clojure.core$apply invoke "core.clj" 660]
   [myproject.core$call invokeStatic "core.clj" 8]
   [myproject.core$call doInvoke "core.clj" 7]
   [clojure.lang.RestFn invoke "RestFn.java" 423]
   [myproject.core$_main invokeStatic "core.clj" 18]
   [myproject.core$_main invoke "core.clj" 15]
   [clojure.lang.Var invoke "Var.java" 380]
   [user$eval140 invokeStatic "form-init2363625704485841211.clj" 1]
   [user$eval140 invoke "form-init2363625704485841211.clj" 1]
   [clojure.lang.Compiler eval "Compiler.java" 7177]
   [clojure.lang.Compiler eval "Compiler.java" 7167]
   [clojure.lang.Compiler load "Compiler.java" 7636]
   [clojure.lang.Compiler loadFile "Compiler.java" 7574]
   [clojure.main$load_script invokeStatic "main.clj" 475]
   [clojure.main$init_opt invokeStatic "main.clj" 477]
   [clojure.main$init_opt invoke "main.clj" 477]
   [clojure.main$initialize invokeStatic "main.clj" 508]
   [clojure.main$null_opt invokeStatic "main.clj" 542]
   [clojure.main$null_opt invoke "main.clj" 539]
   [clojure.main$main invokeStatic "main.clj" 664]
   [clojure.main$main doInvoke "main.clj" 616]
   [clojure.lang.RestFn applyTo "RestFn.java" 137]
   [clojure.lang.Var applyTo "Var.java" 705]
   [clojure.main main "main.java" 40]],
  :phase :compile-syntax-check}}

我试图理解回溯,但我对 Clojure/Java 环境不熟悉,而且到目前为止还无法理解。究竟在 Null 值上调用了什么?是因为global-vector是在 main 之外定义的吗?(但是为什么它在 Repl 中起作用呢?)

我在 Java 11.0.2 OpenJDK 64 位服务器 VM 上使用 Clojure 版本:1.10.1.739和 Leiningen 。2.9.4

标签: clojureleiningen

解决方案


经过进一步调查,我发现它与命名空间解析有关。以下表达式:

(resolve (symbol fn_name))

在 Repl 中工作,但nil在从“lein run”执行时返回,这反过来会导致 apply 函数引发NullPointerException.

符号函数可以传递一个参数,ns所以我通过硬编码我当前的命名空间来修复它,如下所示:

(resolve (symbol "myproject.core" fn_name))

推荐阅读