python - 使用类制作 Tkinter Gui

Question

我想在一个类中创建一个 GUI，该类可以使用另一个创建框架和小部件的类来创建页面。这些页面是使用它们的类设置的。我希望能够 GUI 能够在不同的页面集之间切换。我无法为 Login_page 类创建一个按钮，该按钮将 Login_page 与 Sign_page 类切换。

from tkinter import *
import random

class maingui:
    def __init__(self,title, geometry,):
        self.root = Tk()
        self.root.title(title)
        self.root.geometry(geometry)
        self.pageshow = Login_Page(self.root)
        self.root.mainloop()
    def changepage(self, page):
        self.page = page
        if self.page == 0:
            self.pageshow = Login_Page(self.root)
        if self.page == 1:
            self.pageshow = Sign_Page(self.root)
        self.root.mainloop()



class createWindow:
    def __init__(self,root, title, geometry,):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title(title)
        self.root.geometry(geometry)
        self.root.mainloop()
    
class createFrame:
    def __init__(self,window):
        self.window = window
        self.frame = Frame(self.window)
        self.frame.pack()
        print('c')
    def clear(self):
        pass
    def createlabel(self,message,postion = None):
        self.message =message
        self.postion = postion
        self.label= Label(self.frame, text =self.message)
        if self.postion == None:
            self.label.pack()
            print('a')
        else:
            print('b')
    def createbutton(self, text, command):
        self.text = text
        self.command = command
        self.button = Button(self.frame, text = self.text, command =self.command)

class Login_Page():
    def __init__(self,window):
        self.window = window
        self.frame = createFrame(self.window)
        self.frame.createlabel("Hello World")
        self.frame.createbutton("1",maingui.changepage(self.window,1))
class Sign_Page():
    def __init__(self,window):
        self.window = window
        self.frame = createFrame(self.window)
        self.frame.createlabel("Hello ")       

maingui = maingui("Rpg", "400x400") 

编辑：发生异常：AttributeError '_tkinter.tkapp' 对象没有属性 'root' 在线

if self.page == 1:
      self.pageshow = Sign_Page(self.root)

在这条线上

self.frame.createbutton("1",maingui.changepage(self.window,1))

我尝试使用一个类创建一个按钮，该命令来自不同的类。

标签： pythonclasstkinter

Answer 1

这是一个工作代码，我还建议您在进一步移动之前阅读和练习课程。

（注意：我没有定义你的 clear 方法或添加任何新方法，我只是更正了你现有的代码并纠正了你的错误。如果你愿意，你可以进一步定义你的 clear 方法并销毁你的小部件）。

from tkinter import *
import random

class maingui:
    def __init__(self, root, title, geometry):

        self.root = root
        self.root.title(title)
        self.root.geometry(geometry)
        self.pageshow = Login_Page(self, self.root)
      
    def changepage(self, page):
        self.page = page
        
        if self.page == 0:
            self.pageshow = Login_Page(self, self.root)

        if self.page == 1:
            self.pageshow = Sign_Page(self, self.root)

class createWindow:
    def __init__(self,root, title, geometry):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title(title)
        self.root.geometry(geometry)
      
class createFrame:
    def __init__(self, parent, window):
        self.window = window
        self.frame = Frame(self.window)
        self.frame.pack()
        self.label = Label(self.frame)
        self.button = Button(self.frame)
        self.parent = parent
        

    def clear(self):
        pass

    def createlabel(self,message,postion = None):
        self.message =message
        self.postion = postion
        self.label.config(text=self.message)
        
        if self.postion == None:
            self.label.pack()
        
        else:
           pass


    def createbutton(self, text='Login', cmd=0):
        self.text = text

        self.button.configure(text=self.text, command=lambda :self.parent.changepage(cmd))
        self.button.pack()

class Login_Page():
    def __init__(self, parent, window):
        self.window = window
        self.frame = createFrame(parent, self.window)
        self.frame.createlabel("Hello World bye")
        self.frame.createbutton("Welcome", 1)


class Sign_Page():
    def __init__(self, parent, window):
        self.window = window
        self.frame = createFrame(parent, self.window)
        self.frame.createlabel("Hello ")       


def main():
    root = Tk()
    maingui(root, "Rpg", "400x400")
    root.mainloop()
    
if __name__ =='__main__':
    main()

更新：这是一种您可以在页面之间切换的方式（在我的情况下，您可以在注册页面和登录页面之间切换）。点击登录，它将引导您注册，反之亦然。

from tkinter import *
import random

class maingui:
    def __init__(self, root, title, geometry):

        self.root = root
        self.root.title(title)
        self.root.geometry(geometry)
        self.pageshow = Login_Page(self, self.root)
      
    def changepage(self, page):
        self.page = page
        
        if self.page == 0:
            #del self.pageshow
            self.pageshow = Login_Page(self, self.root)

        if self.page == 1:
            #del self.pageshow
            self.pageshow = Sign_Page(self, self.root)


class Login_Page:
    def __init__(self, parent, window):
        
        self.parent = parent
        
        self.frame = Frame(window)
        self.frame.pack()

        self.welcm_lbl = Label(self.frame, text='welcome')
        self.welcm_lbl.grid(row=0, column=1)

        self.name_lbl = Label(self.frame, text='name:')
        self.name_lbl.grid(row=1, column=0)

        self.name_entry = Entry(self.frame)
        self.name_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)

        self.sbt = Button(self.frame, text='login', command=self.clicked)
        self.sbt.grid(row=2, column=1)

    def clicked(self):
        self.frame.destroy()
        self.parent.changepage(1)
        

class Sign_Page():
    def __init__(self, parent, window):

        self.parent = parent
        
        self.frame = Frame(window)
        self.frame.pack()

        self.welcm_lbl = Label(self.frame, text='welcome sign-up')
        self.welcm_lbl.grid(row=0, column=1)

        self.name_lbl = Label(self.frame, text='name:')
        self.name_lbl.grid(row=1, column=0)

        self.name_entry = Entry(self.frame)
        self.name_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)

        self.sbt = Button(self.frame, text='sign-up', command=self.clicked)
        self.sbt.grid(row=2, column=1)      

    def clicked(self):
        self.frame.destroy()
        self.parent.changepage(0)
        
    
def main():
    root = Tk()
    maingui(root, "Rpg", "400x400")
    root.mainloop()
    
if __name__ =='__main__':
    main()