首页 > 解决方案 > 如何使用 Aspectj 捕获和抑制 Java 类抛出的异常

问题描述

我想处理从Circle.getArea()使用 Aspectj 的方法抛出的异常。

形状.java

    package Shapes;
    
    public class Circle {
        private double radius;
        public Circle(double radius) {
               this.radius = radius;
        }
        public double getPerimeter(){
               return 2 * Math.PI * this.radius;
        }
        public double getArea(){
            return Math.PI * this.radius * this.radius;
        }
    }

矩形.java


    package Shapes;
    
    public class Rectangle {
        private double width, height;
        public Rectangle(double width, double height) {
             this.width = width;
             this.height = height;
        }
        public double getPerimeter() {
               return 2 * (this.width + this.height);
        }
        public double getArea() {
               return this.width * this.height;
        }
    }

Circle.java


    package Shapes;
    
    public class Circle {
        private double radius;
        public Circle(double radius) {
            this.radius = radius;
        }
        public double getPerimeter() {
            return 2 * Math.PI * this.radius;
        }
        public double getArea() {
            throw new RuntimeException("Oops, I don't know how to calculate this :(");
        }
    }

主.java


    package Shapes;
    
    public class Main {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            try {
                Shape s;
                s = (Shape) new Rectangle(2, 10);
                System.out.println("The area of " + s + " is " + s.getArea());
                
                s = (Shape) new Rectangle(-2, 10);
                System.out.println("The perimeter of " + s +" is " + s.getPerimeter());
                
                s = (Shape) new Circle(-2);
                System.out.println("The perimeter of " + s +" is " + s.getPerimeter());
                
                s = (Shape) new Circle(2);
                System.out.println("The area of " + s + " is " + s.getArea());
                }
                catch(Exception e) {
                    System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
                }
        }
    }

解决.aj


    package Shapes;
    
    privileged public aspect Resolve {
        declare parents: Rectangle implements Shape;
        declare parents: Circle implements Shape;
        
        public String Rectangle.getName(){
            return "Rectangle";
        }
        
        public String Circle.getName(){
            return "Circle";
        }
        
        public String Rectangle.toString(){
            return this.getName()+"("+this.width+","+this.height+")";
        }
        public String Circle.toString(){
            return this.getName()+"("+this.radius+")";
        }
        
    
        after() throwing(RuntimeException e) : execution(* Circle.*()){
            handleException();
        }   
    
        protected void handleException()
        {
            System.out.println("Error detected");
        }
    }

当前输出为:

The area of Rectangle(2.0,10.0) is 20.0

The perimeter of Rectangle(-2.0,10.0) is 16.0

The perimeter of Circle(-2.0) is -12.566370614359172

Error detected

Error: Oops, I don't know how to calculate this :(

我想避免打印“错误:糟糕,我不知道如何计算这个:(”,并且我需要在最后获取圆形对象的实际区域。但是,我无法更改任何 .java 文件。所有更改应使用 Resolve.aj 文件。

标签: javaaopaspectjaspect

解决方案


您需要使用around 建议而不是after

     Object around () : execution(* Circle.*()){
         try {
              return proceed();
         } 
         catch(Exception e) 
         {
            handleException();
         }
         return null;
    }   

代码输出:

The area of Rectangle(2.0,10.0) is 20.0
The perimeter of Rectangle(-2.0,10.0) is 16.0
The perimeter of Circle(-2.0) is -12.566370614359172
Error detected
The area of Circle(2.0) is 0.0

为什么我们使用 around 建议而不是 after?

非常非正式地,around 通知拦截给定的连接点,并且可以在该连接点之前之后代替连接点注入新的行为。是一项特殊功能,允许通知继续执行.proceedaround joinpoint

从AspectJ 支持的建议类型(即 、 beforeafteraround中,around 建议是唯一允许返回值和/或使用proceed. 这使得一个around 通知可以多次执行同一个连接点,或者根本不执行它。此外,您甚至可以使用不同的上下文执行截获的连接点(例如更改方法参数的值)。

有关建议和继续工作的更多信息,请参阅此 SO Thread

我们的around 通知将拦截类中方法的所有执行连接点Circle,并相应地处理这些方法抛出的异常。


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