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javascript - 如何在导航菜单w3中添加过渡效果onclick

问题描述

我正在尝试在导航菜单上使用 javascript 进行平滑过渡（通过单击汉堡按钮在移动设备中响应）。基于W3的导航。链接在这里。但是，为什么我不能点击菜单，以及如何在点击时进行平滑过渡，使用新的 javascript 或只添加一些 css 来进行过渡？

这是我的代码，我刚刚从 w3 替换了 javascript。

//my javascript
$(document).ready(function(){
    $(".icon").click(function(e) {
      e.preventDefault();
      var $div = $(this).next('.responsive');
      $(".responsive").not($div).slideUp();
        if ($div.is(":visible")) {
            $div.slideUp();
        }  else {
           $div.slideDown();
        }
    });
    $(document).click(function(e){
        var p = $(e.target).closest('.topnav').length
        if (!p) {
              $(".responsive").slideUp();
        }
    });   
});

//here is javascript by w3
// function myFunction() {
//     var x = document.getElementById("myTopnav");
//     if (x.className === "topnav") {
//       x.className += " responsive";
//     } else {
//       x.className = "topnav";
//     }
//   }
body {margin:0;font-family:Arial}

.topnav {
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #333;
}

.topnav a {
  float: left;
  display: block;
  color: #f2f2f2;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 17px;
}

.active {
  background-color: #4CAF50;
  color: white;
}

.topnav .icon {
  display: none;
}

.dropdown {
  float: left;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.dropdown .dropbtn {
  font-size: 17px;    
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  color: white;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  background-color: inherit;
  font-family: inherit;
  margin: 0;
}

.dropdown-content {
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
  min-width: 160px;
  box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
  z-index: 1;
}

.dropdown-content a {
  float: none;
  color: black;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: block;
  text-align: left;
}

.topnav a:hover, .dropdown:hover .dropbtn {
  background-color: #555;
  color: white;
}

.dropdown-content a:hover {
  background-color: #ddd;
  color: black;
}

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
  display: block;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  .topnav a:not(:first-child), .dropdown .dropbtn {
    display: none;
  }
  .topnav a.icon {
    float: right;
    display: block;
  }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  .topnav.responsive {position: relative;}
  .topnav.responsive .icon {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
  }
  .topnav.responsive a {
    float: none;
    display: block;
    text-align: left;
  }
  .topnav.responsive .dropdown {float: none;}
  .topnav.responsive .dropdown-content {position: relative;}
  .topnav.responsive .dropdown .dropbtn {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: left;
  }
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div class="topnav" id="myTopnav">
  <a href="#home" class="active">Home</a>
  <a href="#news">News</a>
  <a href="#contact">Contact</a>
  <div class="dropdown">
    <button class="dropbtn">Dropdown 
      <i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i>
    </button>
    <div class="dropdown-content">
      <a href="#">Link 1</a>
      <a href="#">Link 2</a>
      <a href="#">Link 3</a>
    </div>
  </div> 
  <a href="#about">About</a>
  <a href="javascript:void(0);" style="font-size:15px;" class="icon" onclick="function()">&#9776;</a>
</div>

<div style="padding-left:16px">
  <h2>Responsive Topnav with Dropdown</h2>
  <p>Resize the browser window to see how it works.</p>
  <p>Hover over the dropdown button to open the dropdown menu.</p>
</div>

标签： javascripthtmljquerycss

解决方案

JS代码：-

$(document).ready(function(){
    $(".icon").click(function(e) {
        var $div = $(this).parent();
        if ($div.hasClass('open')) {
            $div.animate({height: "48px"}, undefined, undefined, function() { $(this).removeClass('open responsive') });
        }  else {
            $div.animate({height: "236px"}, undefined, undefined, function() { $(this).css({'height': 'auto'}); });
            $div.addClass('open responsive');
        }
    });
});

HTML:-

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div class="topnav" id="myTopnav">
    <a href="#home" class="active">Home</a>
    <a href="#news">News</a>
    <a href="#contact">Contact</a>
    <div class="dropdown">
        <button class="dropbtn">Dropdown 
            <i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i>
        </button>
        <div class="dropdown-content">
            <a href="#">Link 1</a>
            <a href="#">Link 2</a>
            <a href="#">Link 3</a>
        </div>
    </div> 
    <a href="#about">About</a>
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" style="font-size:15px;" class="icon">&#9776;</a>
</div>

<div style="padding-left:16px">
    <h2>Responsive Topnav with Dropdown</h2>
    <p>Resize the browser window to see how it works.</p>
    <p>Hover over the dropdown button to open the dropdown menu.</p>
</div>

CSS：-

body {margin:0;font-family:Arial}

.topnav {
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #333;
}

.topnav a {
  float: left;
  display: block;
  color: #f2f2f2;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 17px;
}

.active {
  background-color: #4CAF50;
  color: white;
}

.topnav .icon {
  display: none;
}

.dropdown {
  float: left;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.dropdown .dropbtn {
  font-size: 17px;    
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  color: white;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  background-color: inherit;
  font-family: inherit;
  margin: 0;
}

.dropdown-content {
  /* display: none; */
  height: 0px;
    overflow: hidden;
  position: absolute;
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
  min-width: 160px;
  box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
  z-index: 1;
}

.dropdown-content a {
  float: none;
  color: black;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: block;
  text-align: left;
}
body {margin:0;font-family:Arial}

.topnav {
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #333;
}

.topnav a {
    float: left;
    display: block;
    color: #f2f2f2;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 14px 16px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 17px;
}

.active {
    background-color: #4CAF50;
    color: white;
}

.topnav .icon {
    display: none;
}

.dropdown {
    float: left;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.dropdown .dropbtn {
    font-size: 17px;    
    border: none;
    outline: none;
    color: white;
    padding: 14px 16px;
    background-color: inherit;
    font-family: inherit;
    margin: 0;
}

.dropdown-content {
    height: 0px;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: absolute;
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    min-width: 160px;
    box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
    z-index: 1;
}

.dropdown-content a {
    float: none;
    color: black;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: block;
    text-align: left;
}

.topnav a:hover, .dropdown:hover .dropbtn {
    background-color: #555;
    color: white;
}

.dropdown-content a:hover {
    background-color: #ddd;
    color: black;
}

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
    height: 130px;
    transition: 0.5s;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
    .topnav a:not(:first-child), .dropdown .dropbtn {
        display: none;
    }
    .topnav a.icon {
        float: right;
        display: block;
    }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
    .topnav.responsive { display: block; position: relative;}
    .topnav.responsive .icon {
        position: absolute;
        right: 0;
        top: 0;
    }
    .topnav.responsive a {
        float: none;
        display: block;
        text-align: left;
    }
    .topnav.responsive .dropdown {float: none;}
    .topnav.responsive .dropdown-content {position: relative;}
    .topnav.responsive .dropdown .dropbtn {
        display: block;
        width: 100%;
        text-align: left;
    }
}

笔记：-

  • 最后必须使用.animate()而不是.slidUp()和.slidDown()as .slidUp()will 会使元素隐藏，在这种情况下我们不希望这样做。
  • 因为以这种方式解决它的一个缺点是，我们已经固定了以 px 为单位的打开和关闭状态的高度。
  • 所以最好用 using 来完成css，在 JS 中我们只需添加那个css类

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