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r - 宽到长，有许多不同的列

问题描述

我以前使用过 pivot_longer，但这次我有一个更复杂的宽数据框，我无法对其进行排序。示例代码将为您提供可重现的数据框。我以前没有处理过这样的事情，所以我不确定尝试以长格式格式化这种类型的 df 是否正确？

df <- data.frame(
  ID = as.numeric(c("7","8","10","11","13","15","16")),
  AGE = as.character(c("45 – 54","25 – 34","25 – 34","25 – 34","25 – 34","18 – 24","35 – 44")),
  GENDER = as.character(c("Female","Female","Male","Female","Other","Male","Female")),
  SD = as.numeric(c("3","0","0","0","3","2","0")),
  GAMING = as.numeric(c("0","0","0","0","2","2","0")),
  HW = as.numeric(c("2","2","0","2","2","2","2")),
  R1_1 = as.numeric(c("10","34","69","53","79","55","28")),
  M1_1 = as.numeric(c("65","32","64","53","87","55","27")),
  P1_1 = as.numeric(c("65","38","67","54","88","44","26")),
  R1_2 = as.numeric(c("15","57","37","54","75","91","37")),
  M1_2 = as.numeric(c("90","26","42","56","74","90","37")),
  P1_2 = as.numeric(c("90","44","33","54","79","95","37")),
  R1_3 = as.numeric(c("5","47","80","27","61","19","57")),
  M1_3 = as.numeric(c("30","71","80","34","71","15","57")),
  P1_3 = as.numeric(c("30","36","81","35","62","8","56")),
  R2_1 = as.numeric(c("10","39","75","31","71","80","59")),
  M2_1 = as.numeric(c("90","51","74","15","70","75","61")),
  P2_1 = as.numeric(c("90","52","35","34","69","83","60")),
  R2_2 = as.numeric(c("10","45","31","54","39","95","77")),
  M2_2 = as.numeric(c("60","70","40","78","5","97","75")),
  P2_2 = as.numeric(c("60","40","41","58","9","97","76")),
  R2_3 = as.numeric(c("5","38","78","45","25","16","22")),
  M2_3 = as.numeric(c("30","34","84","62","33","52","20")),
  P2_3 = as.numeric(c("30","34","82","45","32","16","22")),
  R3_1 = as.numeric(c("10","40","41","42","62","89","41")),
  M3_1 = as.numeric(c("90","67","37","40","27","89","42")),
  P3_1 = as.numeric(c("90","34","51","44","38","84","43")),
  R3_2 = as.numeric(c("10","37","20","54","8","93","69")),
  M3_2 = as.numeric(c("60","38","21","62","5","95","71")),
  P3_2 = as.numeric(c("60","38","23","65","14","92","69")),
  R3_3 = as.numeric(c("5","30","62","11","60","32","52")),
  M3_3 = as.numeric(c("30","67","34","55","45","25","45")),
  P3_3 = as.numeric(c("30","28","41","24","53","23","52")),
  R1_4 = as.numeric(c("10","40","61","17","39","72","25")),
  M1_4 = as.numeric(c("45","20","63","25","62","70","23")),
  P1_4 = as.numeric(c("45","52","56","16","26","72","27")),
  R2_4 = as.numeric(c("5","21","70","33","80","68","30")),
  M2_4 = as.numeric(c("35","21","69","27","85","69","23")),
  P2_4 = as.numeric(c("35","32","34","25","79","63","29")),
  R3_4 = as.numeric(c("10","29","68","21","8","71","41")),
  M3_4 = as.numeric(c("50","37","66","28","33","65","41")),
  P3_4 = as.numeric(c("50","38","47","28","24","71","41"))
  )

我想按照下表进行整理 在此处输入图像描述

新列名是从旧列名中提取的，例如 R1_1 中的（示例）：

基本上每一行对应1个人回答的1个问题，每个问题通过3个不同的评分（R，M，P）回答

谢谢你！

标签： rdataframe

解决方案

如果我理解正确，以下应该有效：

df %>%
    pivot_longer(
        cols = matches('[RMP]\\d_\\d'),
        names_to = c('RMP', 'Speed', 'Sound'),
        values_to = 'Data',
        names_pattern = '([RMP])(\\d)_(\\d)'
    ) %>%
    pivot_wider(names_from = RMP, values_from = Data)

这假设“速度”和“声音”都是个位数的值。如果可能有多个数字，则\\d上述模式中出现的 需要替换为\\d+.

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