python - RuntimeError:使用 CSRF 需要密钥。我使用了一个密钥,但它似乎仍然给出了错误
问题描述
这是我在制作 web 应用程序时包含在flask_blog.py中的代码。我已经提到了 SECRET_KEY。任何人都可以查看它并让我知道此代码中可能出现的错误。提前致谢。
from flask import Flask, render_template, url_for, flash, redirect
from forms import RegistrationForm, LoginForm
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY']='key'
posts=[
{
'author':'HC Verma',
'title':'First blog Post',
'content':'first post content'
},
{
'author':'RD Sharma',
'title':'Second blog Post',
'content':'second post content'
}
]
@app.route("/")
@app.route("/home")
def home():
return render_template('home.html', posts=posts)
@app.route("/about")
def about():
return render_template('about.html', title='About')
@app.route("/register", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
form = RegistrationForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
flash(f'Account created for {form.username.data}!', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('home'))
return render_template('register.html', title='Register', form=form)
@app.route("/login", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
form = LoginForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
if form.email.data == 'abc@gmail.com' and form.password.data == 'password':
flash('You have been logged in!', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('home'))
else:
flash('Login Unsuccessful. Please check username and password', 'danger')
return render_template('login.html', title='Login', form=form)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
编辑:这是我面临的运行时错误,我在此处添加了屏幕截图的链接。 截屏
还添加了具有 RegistrationForm 和 LoginForm 类的 forms.py 文件。
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, SubmitField,
BooleanField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, Length, Email, EqualTo
class RegistrationForm(FlaskForm):
username = StringField('Username',
validators=[DataRequired(), Length(min=2,
max=20)])
email = StringField('Email',
validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
confirm_password = PasswordField('Confirm Password',
validators=[DataRequired(),
EqualTo('password')])
submit = SubmitField('Sign Up')
class LoginForm(FlaskForm):
email = StringField('Email',
validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
remember = BooleanField('Remember Me')
submit = SubmitField('Login')
编辑:2 这是两个模板 1)register.html-制作注册页面的模板
{% extends "layout.html" %}
{% block content %}
<div class="content-section">
<form method="POST" action="">
{{ form.hidden_tag() }}
<fieldset class="form-group">
<legend class="border-bottom mb-4">Join Today</legend>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.username.label(class="form-control-label") }}
{% if form.username.errors %}
{{ form.username(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.username.errors %}
<span>{{ error }}</span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% else %}
{{ form.username(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.email.label(class="form-control-label") }}
{% if form.email.errors %}
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.email.errors %}
<span>{{ error }}</span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% else %}
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.password.label(class="form-control-label") }}
{% if form.password.errors %}
{{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.password.errors %}
<span>{{ error }}</span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% else %}
{{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.confirm_password.label(class="form-control-label") }}
{% if form.confirm_password.errors %}
{{ form.confirm_password(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.confirm_password.errors %}
<span>{{ error }}</span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% else %}
{{ form.confirm_password(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
</fieldset>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.submit(class="btn btn-outline-info") }}
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="border-top pt-3">
<small class="text-muted">
Already Have An Account? <a class="ml-2" href="{{ url_for('login') }}">Sign In</a>
</small>
</div>
{% endblock content %}
login.html-制作登录页面的模板
{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block content %} <div class="content-section"> <form method="POST" action=""> {{ form.hidden_tag() }} <fieldset class="form-group"> <legend class="border-bottom mb-4">Log In Page</legend> <div class="form-group"> {{ form.email.label(class="form-class-label") }} {% if form.email.errors %} {{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }} <div class="invalid-feedback"> {% for error in form.password.errors %} <span> error </span> {% endfor %} </div> {%else%} { (class="form-control form-control-lg") }} {% endif %} </div> <div class="form-group"> {{ form.password.label(class="form-class-label") }} {% if form.password.errors %} {{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }} <div class="invalid-feedback"> {% for error in form.password.errors %} <span>{{error}} </span> {% endfor %} </div> {%else%} { {{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg") }} {% endif %} </div> <div class="form-check"> {{ form.remember(class="form-check-input") }} {{ form.remember(class="form-class=label") }} </div> </fieldset> <div class="form-group"> {{ form.submit(class="btn btn-outline-info") }} </div> <small class="text-muted ml-2"> <a href="#"> Forgot Password? </a></small> </form> </div> <div class="border-top pt-3"> <small class="text-muted"> Need an account? Log in <a class="ml-2" href="{{ url_for('register') }}"> Sign Up</a> </small> </div> {% endblock content %}
我已按照评论中的要求添加了文件、模板和屏幕截图。让我知道以下代码中有什么问题。
解决方案
好的,所以我刚刚尝试了您的代码示例,并进行了一些小改动(但尽管如此,我还没有收到丢失的 SECRET KEY,但请继续阅读)
app.py
- 所以在这里我只修改了home
端点about
,因为我没有这些.html
文件,现在只是重定向到register
页面。同样在成功登录/注册后register
,login
我也重定向到不同的端点,因为我没有home
端点.html
文件。
from flask import Flask, render_template, url_for, flash, redirect
from forms import RegistrationForm, LoginForm
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = '84da5b8a39a6d06bf8bc7a60cedcac93'
posts = [
{
'author': 'HC Verma',
'title': 'First blog Post',
'content': 'first post content'
},
{
'author': 'RD Sharma',
'title': 'Second blog Post',
'content': 'second post content'
}
]
@app.route("/")
@app.route("/home")
def home():
# return render_template('home.html', posts=posts)
return redirect(url_for('register'))
@app.route("/about")
def about():
# return render_template('about.html', title='About')
return redirect(url_for('register'))
@app.route("/register", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
form = RegistrationForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
flash(f'Account created for {form.username.data}!', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('login'))
return render_template('register.html', title='Register', form=form)
@app.route("/login", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
form = LoginForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
if form.email.data == 'abc@gmail.com' and form.password.data == 'password':
flash('You have been logged in!', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('register'))
else:
flash('Login Unsuccessful. Please check username and password', 'danger')
return render_template('login.html', title='Login', form=form)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
forms.py
- 我没有对其进行任何更改。
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, SubmitField, BooleanField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, Length, Email, EqualTo
class RegistrationForm(FlaskForm):
username = StringField('Username',
validators=[DataRequired(), Length(min=2,
max=20)])
email = StringField('Email',
validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
confirm_password = PasswordField('Confirm Password',
validators=[DataRequired(),
EqualTo('password')])
submit = SubmitField('Sign Up')
class LoginForm(FlaskForm):
email = StringField('Email',
validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
remember = BooleanField('Remember Me')
submit = SubmitField('Login')
layout.html
- 我创建了自己的渲染register
和login
页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>
register.html
- 没有进行任何更改
{% extends "layout.html" %}
{% block content %}
<div class="content-section">
<form method="POST" action="">
{{ form.hidden_tag() }}
<fieldset class="form-group">
<legend class="border-bottom mb-4">Join Today</legend>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.username.label(class="form-control-label") }}
{% if form.username.errors %}
{{ form.username(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.username.errors %}
<span>{{ error }}</span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% else %}
{{ form.username(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.email.label(class="form-control-label") }}
{% if form.email.errors %}
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.email.errors %}
<span>{{ error }}</span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% else %}
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.password.label(class="form-control-label") }}
{% if form.password.errors %}
{{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.password.errors %}
<span>{{ error }}</span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% else %}
{{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.confirm_password.label(class="form-control-label") }}
{% if form.confirm_password.errors %}
{{ form.confirm_password(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.confirm_password.errors %}
<span>{{ error }}</span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% else %}
{{ form.confirm_password(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
</fieldset>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.submit(class="btn btn-outline-info") }}
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="border-top pt-3">
<small class="text-muted">
Already Have An Account? <a class="ml-2" href="{{ url_for('login') }}">Sign In</a>
</small>
</div>
{% endblock content %}
login.html
- 在这里我做了一些更改,首先我修复了登录表单。
- 修正 html 错别字:
从
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.email.label(class="form-class-label") }}
{% if form.email.errors %}
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.password.errors %}
<span> error </span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{%else%}
{ (class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
至
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.email.label(class="form-class-label") }}
{% if form.email.errors %}
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.password.errors %}
<span> error </span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{%else%}
<div class="form-control form-control-lg"></div>
{% endif %}
</div>
password
字段不正确
{ {{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
变成
{{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
email
字段丢失,所以我添加了
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
所以最终的结果是这样的:
{% extends "layout.html" %}
{% block content %}
<div class="content-section">
<form method="POST" action="">
{{ form.hidden_tag() }}
<fieldset class="form-group">
<legend class="border-bottom mb-4">Log In Page</legend>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.email.label(class="form-class-label") }}
{% if form.email.errors %}
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.password.errors %}
<span> error </span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{%else%}
<div class="form-control form-control-lg"></div>
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.password.label(class="form-class-label") }}
{% if form.password.errors %}
{{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg is-invalid") }}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{% for error in form.password.errors %}
<span>{{error}} </span>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{%else%}
{{ form.email(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{{ form.password(class="form-control form-control-lg") }}
{% endif %}
</div>
<div class="form-check">
{{ form.remember(class="form-check-input") }}
{{ form.remember(class="form-class=label") }}
</div>
</fieldset>
<div class="form-group">
{{ form.submit(class="btn btn-outline-info") }}
</div>
<small class="text-muted ml-2">
<a href="#">
Forgot Password?
</a></small>
</form>
</div>
<div class="border-top pt-3">
<small class="text-muted">
Need an account? Log in <a class="ml-2" href="{{ url_for('register') }}">
Sign Up</a>
</small>
</div>
{% endblock content %}
因此,您提供的代码工作正常,这意味着您有一个不同的地方出现此错误。即使您已经提供了密钥丢失的可能情况app.config
是当您不使用烧瓶jinja2
引擎并使用例如 jqueryajax
或类似调用发送请求时,这意味着这些不是来自jinja2
表单的调用丢失secret key
并解决它需要为请求提供密钥 - 为此,您可以在flask-wtf文档中阅读并查看更多示例。
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