时间戳

首页 > 解决方案 > 我想打印用户输入的字符串中元音、辅音、空格、数字和特殊字符的数量

java - 我想打印用户输入的字符串中元音、辅音、空格、数字和特殊字符的数量

问题描述

我需要打印没有。用户输入的字符串中的元音、辅音、空格、数字和特殊字符。

运行程序后出现以下错误。

输入：输入单词以计算其中的元音和字母

java语言版本15#

Output: 
java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: String index out of range: 25
    at java.lang.String.charAt(String.java:658)
    at CountAlphabetsInWord.main(CountAlphabetsInWord.java:11)

public class CountAlphabetsInWord {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("Enter the word to count Vowels and Alphabets in it");
        String word = scanner.nextLine();
        scanner.close();
        int vowels = 0, consonants = 0, spaces = 0, digits = 0, specialCharacters = 0;
        word = word.toLowerCase();
        for(int i = 0; i <= word.length(); i++){
            char ch = word.charAt(i);
            
            //check if any char is a, e, i, o ,u
            if(ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u'){
                vowels++;
            }
            else if(ch >=  '0' && ch <= '9'){
                consonants++;
            }
            else if(ch == ' '){
                spaces++;
            }
            else if(ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z'){
                digits++;
            }
            else
                specialCharacters++;
        }
        System.out.println("Vowels: " + vowels);
        System.out.println("Consonants: " + consonants);
        System.out.println("Digits: " + digits);
        System.out.println("WhiteSpaces: " + spaces);
        System.out.println("Special Characters: " + specialCharacters);
    }
} ```

标签： java

解决方案

考虑使用增强的 for 循环，这样您就不必担心索引越界错误，并且出于类似原因，请使用内置Character方法：

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Set;

public class AnalyzeStringInput {
    private static final Set<Character> VOWELS = Set.of('a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u');

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("Please enter a string:");
        String string = scanner.nextLine();
        int vowels = 0, consonants = 0, spaces = 0, digits = 0, specialCharacters = 0;
        for (Character ch : string.toLowerCase().toCharArray()) {
            if (Character.isLetter(ch)) {
                if (VOWELS.contains(ch)) {
                    vowels++;
                } else {
                    consonants++;
                }
            } else if (Character.isSpaceChar(ch)) {
                spaces++;
            } else if (Character.isDigit(ch)) {
                digits++;
            } else {
                specialCharacters++;
            }
        }
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("Vowels: " + vowels);
        System.out.println("Consonants: " + consonants);
        System.out.println("Spaces: " + spaces);
        System.out.println("Digits: " + digits);
        System.out.println("Special Characters (anything else): " + specialCharacters);
    }
}

示例用法：

Please enter a string:
AbcDeF gHi JkLmnO 1234%  ~!56&*()

Vowels: 4
Consonants: 11
Spaces: 5
Digits: 6
Special Characters (anything else): 7

推荐阅读