ontology - Protege 中具有不相交类的对象属性
问题描述
我想建模一个本体,我可以在其中表示实体的缺失。例如,我想要 Rain 和 No_Rain,我将它们定义为不相交的类。在此之后,我有对象属性 has_rain。我希望能够以某种方式推断不可能同时拥有同一个人 has_rain(Rain) 和 has_rain(No_Rain) 我已经搜索了很多,但找不到我的问题的答案。也许我在某个地方错过了它。抱歉,如果我没有很好地解释一切,这是我的第一个问题。我希望你理解一切,并提前感谢!编辑:
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Object Properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#has_rain -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#has_rain">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#topObjectProperty"/>
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#FunctionalProperty"/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#No_Rain -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#No_Rain"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#Rain -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#Rain"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#Scene -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#Scene"/>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Individuals
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#no_rain -->
<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#no_rain"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#rain -->
<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#rain"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#scene -->
<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#scene">
<has_rain rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#rain"/>
</owl:NamedIndividual>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// General axioms
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<rdf:Description>
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#AllDifferent"/>
<owl:distinctMembers rdf:parseType="Collection">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#no_rain"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/qala/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-28#rain"/>
</owl:distinctMembers>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
我也开始使用owlready,但我还是新手,但如果我必须在代码中对此进行建模,它将是:
with ontology:
class Rain(Thing):
pass
class No_Rain(Thing):
pass
class Scene(Thing):
pass
class has_rain(ObjectProperty):
domain = [Scene]
range = [Rain or No_Rain]
rain = Rain("rain")
no_rain = No_Rain("no_rain")
AllDisjoint(Rain, No_Rain)
我希望这能让它更清楚。
解决方案
您似乎想要定义可以具有不同天气的场景。理想情况下,场景不应该同时有雪和干燥。
因为这是一个场景,我将定义不同类型的SceneWeather
,即和DryScene
,它们彼此不相交——不能同时下雪和下雨。然后我用as 定义对象属性,同样用和定义对象属性。SnowyScene
RainyScene
hasRain
RainyScene
hasSnow
isDry
我已经介绍了SceneWeather
作为父类,假设您可能想要捕获各种与场景相关的信息。在下面的示例中,我包含SceneTimeOfDay
作为Morning
子类和作为域isMorning
的对象属性Morning
。
基于上述内容,您可以snowyMorningScene
通过断言 forsnowyMorningScene
我们有hasSnow
and来定义 a isMorning
。使用推理器,它将推断出snowyMorningScene
类型为SnowyScene
and Morning
。如果您现在声明snowyMorningScene
isDry
,这将导致不一致。
下面是执行此操作的完整本体。
<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#"
xml:base="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291"
xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:untitled-ontology-291="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#">
<owl:Ontology rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291"/>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Object Properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#isDry -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#isDry">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#sceneWeather"/>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#DryScene"/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#isMorning -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#isMorning">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#sceneTimeOfDay"/>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#Morning"/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#isRainy -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#isRainy">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#sceneWeather"/>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#RainyScene"/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#isSnowy -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#isSnowy">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#sceneWeather"/>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SnowyScene"/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#sceneTimeOfDay -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#sceneTimeOfDay"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#sceneWeather -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#sceneWeather"/>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#DryScene -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#DryScene">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneWeather"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#MidDay -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#MidDay">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneTimeOfDay"/>
<owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#Morning"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#Morning -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#Morning">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneTimeOfDay"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#RainyScene -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#RainyScene">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneWeather"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#Scene -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#Scene"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneTimeOfDay -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneTimeOfDay">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#Scene"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneWeather -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneWeather">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#Scene"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SnowyScene -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SnowyScene">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SceneWeather"/>
</owl:Class>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Individuals
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#dry -->
<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#dry"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#morning -->
<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#morning"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#snow -->
<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#snow"/>
<!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#snowyMorningScene -->
<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#snowyMorningScene">
<isDry rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#dry"/>
<isMorning rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#morning"/>
<isSnowy rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#snow"/>
</owl:NamedIndividual>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// General axioms
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<rdf:Description>
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#AllDisjointClasses"/>
<owl:members rdf:parseType="Collection">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#DryScene"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#RainyScene"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/henriette/ontologies/2021/1/untitled-ontology-291#SnowyScene"/>
</owl:members>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Generated by the OWL API (version 4.5.9.2019-02-01T07:24:44Z) https://github.com/owlcs/owlapi -->
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