python - Tkinter 程序错误：UnboundLocalError：分配前引用的局部变量 'conn'
问题描述
我不明白这个错误：
File "c:\Users\Leon\Desktop\Page Guis\Client Chat Gui\unknown2.py", line 169, in __init__
self.Button1.configure(command=conn)
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'conn' referenced before assignment
完整代码：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import platform
import sys
import socket
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
py3 = True
version = "1.0"
def vp_start_gui():
'''Starting point when module is the main routine.'''
global val, w, root
root = tk.Tk()
top = Toplevel1(root)
root.mainloop()
w = None
def create_Toplevel1(rt, *args, **kwargs):
'''Starting point when module is imported by another module.
Correct form of call: 'create_Toplevel1(root, *args, **kwargs)' .'''
global w, w_win, root
#rt = root
root = rt
w = tk.Toplevel(root)
top = Toplevel1(w)
unknown2_support.init(w, top, *args, **kwargs)
return (w, top)
def destroy_Toplevel1():
global w
w.destroy()
w = None
class Toplevel1:
def __init__(self, top=None):
def passText(event, self):
self.Entry2.delete(0, END)
_bgcolor = '#d9d9d9' # X11 color: 'gray85'
_fgcolor = '#000000' # X11 color: 'black'
_compcolor = '#d9d9d9' # X11 color: 'gray85'
_ana1color = '#d9d9d9' # X11 color: 'gray85'
_ana2color = '#ececec' # Closest X11 color: 'gray92'
self.style = ttk.Style()
self.style.theme_use()
self.style.configure('.', background=_bgcolor)
self.style.configure('.', foreground=_fgcolor)
self.style.map('.', background=[
('selected', _compcolor), ('active', _ana2color)])
top.geometry("672x551+292+105")
top.minsize(120, 1)
top.maxsize(1370, 749)
top.resizable(1, 1)
top.title("Client Chat (" + version+")")
top.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.Frame1 = tk.Frame(top)
self.Frame1.place(relx=0.238, rely=0.0,
relheight=0.989, relwidth=0.757)
self.Frame1.configure(relief='groove')
self.Frame1.configure(borderwidth="2")
self.Frame1.configure(relief="groove")
self.Frame1.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.Entry2 = tk.Entry(self.Frame1)
self.Entry2.place(relx=0.02, rely=0.899, height=40, relwidth=0.715)
self.Entry2.configure(background="white")
self.Entry2.configure(disabledforeground="#a3a3a3")
self.Entry2.configure(font="TkFixedFont")
self.Entry2.configure(foreground="#000000")
self.Entry2.configure(insertbackground="black")
self.Entry2.insert(0, "Message:")
self.Entry2.bind("<Button>", passText)
self.Button2 = tk.Button(self.Frame1)
self.Button2.place(relx=0.766, rely=0.899, height=44, width=107)
self.Button2.configure(activebackground="#ececec")
self.Button2.configure(activeforeground="#000000")
self.Button2.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.Button2.configure(disabledforeground="#a3a3a3")
self.Button2.configure(foreground="#000000")
self.Button2.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
self.Button2.configure(highlightcolor="black")
self.Button2.configure(pady="0", relief='groove')
self.Button2.configure(text='''SEND''')
self.Scrolledlistbox1 = ScrolledListBox(self.Frame1)
self.Scrolledlistbox1.place(
relx=0.02, rely=0.018, relheight=0.853, relwidth=0.965)
self.Scrolledlistbox1.configure(background="white")
self.Scrolledlistbox1.configure(disabledforeground="#a3a3a3")
self.Scrolledlistbox1.configure(font="TkFixedFont")
self.Scrolledlistbox1.configure(foreground="black")
self.Scrolledlistbox1.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
self.Scrolledlistbox1.configure(highlightcolor="#d9d9d9")
self.Scrolledlistbox1.configure(selectbackground="blue")
self.Scrolledlistbox1.configure(selectforeground="white")
self.Frame2 = tk.Frame(top)
self.Frame2.place(relx=0.0, rely=0.0, relheight=0.989, relwidth=0.225)
self.Frame2.configure(relief='groove')
self.Frame2.configure(borderwidth="2")
self.Frame2.configure(relief="groove")
self.Frame2.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.Label1 = tk.Label(self.Frame2)
self.Label1.place(relx=0.066, rely=0.018, height=21, width=124)
self.Label1.configure(anchor='w')
self.Label1.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.Label1.configure(disabledforeground="#a3a3a3")
self.Label1.configure(foreground="#000000")
self.Label1.configure(text='''IP Adress:''')
self.Entry1 = tk.Entry(self.Frame2)
self.Entry1.place(relx=0.066, rely=0.073, height=20, relwidth=0.821)
self.Entry1.configure(background="white")
self.Entry1.configure(disabledforeground="#a3a3a3")
self.Entry1.configure(font="TkFixedFont")
self.Entry1.configure(foreground="#000000")
self.Entry1.configure(insertbackground="black")
self.Label1_1 = tk.Label(self.Frame2)
self.Label1_1.place(relx=0.066, rely=0.147, height=21, width=124)
self.Label1_1.configure(activebackground="#f9f9f9")
self.Label1_1.configure(activeforeground="black")
self.Label1_1.configure(anchor='w')
self.Label1_1.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.Label1_1.configure(disabledforeground="#a3a3a3")
self.Label1_1.configure(foreground="#000000")
self.Label1_1.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
self.Label1_1.configure(highlightcolor="black")
self.Label1_1.configure(text='''PORT Adress:''')
self.Entry1_1 = tk.Entry(self.Frame2)
self.Entry1_1.place(relx=0.066, rely=0.202, height=20, relwidth=0.821)
self.Entry1_1.configure(background="white")
self.Entry1_1.configure(disabledforeground="#a3a3a3")
self.Entry1_1.configure(font="TkFixedFont")
self.Entry1_1.configure(foreground="#000000")
self.Entry1_1.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
self.Entry1_1.configure(highlightcolor="black")
self.Entry1_1.configure(insertbackground="black")
self.Entry1_1.configure(selectbackground="blue")
self.Entry1_1.configure(selectforeground="white")
self.Button1 = tk.Button(self.Frame2)
self.Button1.place(relx=0.066, rely=0.275, height=24, width=127)
self.Button1.configure(activebackground="#ececec")
self.Button1.configure(activeforeground="#000000")
self.Button1.configure(background="#d9d9d9")
self.Button1.configure(disabledforeground="#a3a3a3")
self.Button1.configure(foreground="#000000")
self.Button1.configure(highlightbackground="#d9d9d9")
self.Button1.configure(highlightcolor="black")
self.Button1.configure(pady="0")
self.Button1.configure(relief="groove")
self.Button1.configure(text='''CONNECT''')
self.Button1.configure(command=conn)
msg_in = Entry2.get()
connect = False
def conn():
HOST = Entry1.get()
PORT = Entry1_1.get()
client_sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
client_sock.connect((HOST, PORT))
connect = True
while True:
client_sock.send(bytes(msg_in, 'utf-8'))
# The following code is added to facilitate the Scrolled widgets you specified.
class AutoScroll(object):
'''Configure the scrollbars for a widget.'''
def __init__(self, master):
# Rozen. Added the try-except clauses so that this class
# could be used for scrolled entry widget for which vertical
# scrolling is not supported. 5/7/14.
vsb = ttk.Scrollbar(master, orient='vertical', command=self.yview)
hsb = ttk.Scrollbar(master, orient='horizontal', command=self.xview)
self.configure(yscrollcommand=self._autoscroll(vsb))
self.configure(xscrollcommand=self._autoscroll(hsb))
self.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='nsew')
vsb.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky='ns')
hsb.grid(column=0, row=1, sticky='ew')
master.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
master.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Copy geometry methods of master (taken from ScrolledText.py)
methods = tk.Pack.__dict__.keys() | tk.Grid.__dict__.keys() \
| tk.Place.__dict__.keys()
for meth in methods:
if meth[0] != '_' and meth not in ('config', 'configure'):
setattr(self, meth, getattr(master, meth))
@staticmethod
def _autoscroll(sbar):
'''Hide and show scrollbar as needed.'''
def wrapped(first, last):
first, last = float(first), float(last)
if first <= 0 and last >= 1:
sbar.grid_remove()
else:
sbar.grid()
sbar.set(first, last)
return wrapped
def __str__(self):
return str(self.master)
def _create_container(func):
'''Creates a ttk Frame with a given master, and use this new frame to
place the scrollbars and the widget.'''
def wrapped(cls, master, **kw):
container = ttk.Frame(master)
container.bind('<Enter>', lambda e: _bound_to_mousewheel(e, container))
container.bind(
'<Leave>', lambda e: _unbound_to_mousewheel(e, container))
return func(cls, container, **kw)
return wrapped
class ScrolledListBox(AutoScroll, tk.Listbox):
'''A standard Tkinter Listbox widget with scrollbars that will
automatically show/hide as needed.'''
@_create_container
def __init__(self, master, **kw):
tk.Listbox.__init__(self, master, **kw)
AutoScroll.__init__(self, master)
def size_(self):
sz = tk.Listbox.size(self)
return sz
def _bound_to_mousewheel(event, widget):
child = widget.winfo_children()[0]
if platform.system() == 'Windows' or platform.system() == 'Darwin':
child.bind_all('<MouseWheel>', lambda e: _on_mousewheel(e, child))
child.bind_all('<Shift-MouseWheel>',
lambda e: _on_shiftmouse(e, child))
else:
child.bind_all('<Button-4>', lambda e: _on_mousewheel(e, child))
child.bind_all('<Button-5>', lambda e: _on_mousewheel(e, child))
child.bind_all('<Shift-Button-4>', lambda e: _on_shiftmouse(e, child))
child.bind_all('<Shift-Button-5>', lambda e: _on_shiftmouse(e, child))
def _unbound_to_mousewheel(event, widget):
if platform.system() == 'Windows' or platform.system() == 'Darwin':
widget.unbind_all('<MouseWheel>')
widget.unbind_all('<Shift-MouseWheel>')
else:
widget.unbind_all('<Button-4>')
widget.unbind_all('<Button-5>')
widget.unbind_all('<Shift-Button-4>')
widget.unbind_all('<Shift-Button-5>')
def _on_mousewheel(event, widget):
if platform.system() == 'Windows':
widget.yview_scroll(-1*int(event.delta/120), 'units')
elif platform.system() == 'Darwin':
widget.yview_scroll(-1*int(event.delta), 'units')
else:
if event.num == 4:
widget.yview_scroll(-1, 'units')
elif event.num == 5:
widget.yview_scroll(1, 'units')
def _on_shiftmouse(event, widget):
if platform.system() == 'Windows':
widget.xview_scroll(-1*int(event.delta/120), 'units')
elif platform.system() == 'Darwin':
widget.xview_scroll(-1*int(event.delta), 'units')
else:
if event.num == 4:
widget.xview_scroll(-1, 'units')
elif event.num == 5:
widget.xview_scroll(1, 'units')
vp_start_gui()
我也试过 autopep8 但这是同样的错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:\Users\Leon\Desktop\Page Guis\Client Chat Gui\unknown2.py", line 300, in <module>
vp_start_gui()
File "c:\Users\Leon\Desktop\Page Guis\Client Chat Gui\unknown2.py", line 17, in vp_start_gui
top = Toplevel1(root)
File "c:\Users\Leon\Desktop\Page Guis\Client Chat Gui\unknown2.py", line 169, in __init__
self.Button1.configure(command=conn)
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'conn' referenced before assignment
解决方案
command=conn在您实际定义之前，您已经conn使用def conn(). 将函数移动conn到引用它的上方某处。否则你在conn分配任何东西之前引用它，因此错误：
def conn():
...
...
self.Button1.configure(command=conn)
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