ruby-on-rails - 导轨中止！运行“rails new”和“rails s”时，nokogiri 和 dlopen 出现加载错误

Question

我在 macOS 上并尝试使用它启动一个新的 rails 应用程序，rails new MyBlog -T --database:postgresql我收到以下错误对话框（同样的情况发生在rails s：

LoadError: cannot load such file -- nokogiri/nokogiri
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:89:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:44:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb:25:in `rescue in <main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb:4:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri.rb:11:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/actiontext-6.1.3/lib/action_text.rb:6:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/actiontext-6.1.3/lib/action_text/engine.rb:8:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/config/application.rb:12:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:53:in `require_relative'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/Rakefile:4:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `load'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `load'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-6.1.3/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:20:in `block in perform'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-6.1.3/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:18:in `perform'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-6.1.3/lib/rails/command.rb:52:in `invoke'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-6.1.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/bin/rails:5:in `<top (required)>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/bin/spring:10:in `block in <top (required)>'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/bin/spring:7:in `tap'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/bin/spring:7:in `<top (required)>'
bin/rails:2:in `load'
bin/rails:2:in `<main>'

Caused by:
LoadError: dlopen(/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/2.6/nokogiri.bundle, 0x0009): could not use '/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/2.6/nokogiri.bundle' because it is not a compatible arch - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/2.6/nokogiri.bundle
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri/extension.rb:6:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/lib/nokogiri.rb:11:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/actiontext-6.1.3/lib/action_text.rb:6:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/actiontext-6.1.3/lib/action_text/engine.rb:8:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `block in require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:299:in `load_dependency'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/activesupport-6.1.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:332:in `require'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/config/application.rb:12:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:53:in `require_relative'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/Rakefile:4:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `load'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `load'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-6.1.3/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:20:in `block in perform'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-6.1.3/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:18:in `perform'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-6.1.3/lib/rails/command.rb:52:in `invoke'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/railties-6.1.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `require'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:23:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.7.2/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:31:in `require'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/bin/rails:5:in `<top (required)>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/bin/spring:10:in `block in <top (required)>'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/bin/spring:7:in `tap'
/Users/me/CodeProjects/MyBlog/bin/spring:7:in `<top (required)>'
bin/rails:2:in `load'
bin/rails:2:in `<main>'

我试过bundle updateand bundle install，没有任何改变。

当我尝试时，gem uninstall nokogiri我得到

gem uninstall nokogiri

Select gem to uninstall:
 1. nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin
 2. nokogiri-1.11.2-x86_64-darwin
 3. All versions
>

和 3 我遇到

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
    You don't have write permissions for the /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0 directory.

谁能帮帮我？

标签： ruby-on-railsrubyrubygemsnokogiriapple-silicon

Answer 1

权限错误可能意味着gem已由用户root安装，执行类似的操作sudo gem install，这意味着您也必须使用sudo它来删除它。

现在 nokogiri gem 通常依赖于所谓的本地扩展，即必须为特定类型的平台编译的代码。

在这里我们可以看到您已经为 x86_64-darwin 和 arm64-darwin 安装了 nokogiri。

这里darwin指的是你的操作系统（mac OS）

x86_64是为英特尔系列处理器的 64 位版本命名的代号，之所以这么称呼，是amd64因为第一个此类处理器是由 AMD 开发的。

arm64是另一种基于ARM的计算机架构，由于其能耗较低，因此经常用于手机和平板电脑。

arm64-darwin指的是新的 Apple Silicon 架构。

现在dlopen是加载共享库 (.so) 的 C api，它清楚地报告：

 could not use '.../nokogiri-1.11.2-arm64-darwin/l...' because it is not a compatible arch

所以你知道它在你的系统上不可用。这意味着您可能可以安全地删除它。

另外，您可以尝试使用asdf,或类似rbenv的rvm东西来管理您的 ruby​​ 版本，这也会将您的 gem（取决于您如何配置它）保存在您的用户文件夹中，因此您无需担心sudo.