首页 > 解决方案 > 如何在 Python 中使用无头模式和 selenium webdriver 节省抓取数据的时间

问题描述

您好,我有一个简单的 python 脚本,可以打开并自动从网页中提取数据。完成它需要 5 秒钟。就我而言,我想要一个更快的脚本,它可以立即运行或最多 2 秒。

这是脚本:

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf­-8 ­-*-

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
import numpy as np

options = Options()
options.headless = True
options.add_argument("window-size=1400,800")
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_argument("enable-automation")
options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")

url = 'https://www.coteur.com/match/cotes-barcelone-huesca-rid1163090.html'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get(url)

odds = [my_elem.text for my_elem in WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH, '//button[contains(@class, "btn btn-default btn-xs btncote")]')))]

columns = 3
rows = int(len(odds)/columns)
odds = [float(i) for i in odds]
odds = np.array(odds)
odds = odds.reshape(rows, columns)

print(odds, '\n')
                
driver.close()
driver.quit()

也许您可以帮助改进这个小脚本以节省一些宝贵的时间。谢谢

标签: python-3.xselenium-webdriverweb-scrapingheadless-browser

解决方案


您的执行时间可能取决于几个因素:

  • 您正在运行代码的机器
  • 您的连接带宽
  • 您请求多少数据

话虽如此,我已经使用了您的代码并获得了几秒钟的执行时间2.31

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf­-8 ­-*-
import time

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
import numpy as np

options = Options()
options.headless = True
options.add_argument("window-size=1400,800")
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_argument("enable-automation")
options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")

t0 = time.monotonic()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('https://www.coteur.com/match/cotes-barcelone-huesca-rid1163090.html')
elements = WebDriverWait(
    driver,
    2,
).until(
    EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located(
        (By.XPATH, '//button[contains(@class, "btn btn-default btn-xs btncote")]')
    )
)

odds = np.array([float(my_elem.text) for my_elem in elements])
odds = odds.reshape(int(len(odds) / 3), 3)
print(odds)
t1 = time.monotonic()
print(f"{t1-t0:.2f}")

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