首页 > 解决方案 > 如何将 Python 数据框对象转换为 json?

问题描述

我有一个这样的数据框:

   date  ...   ID     value_1  value_2  value_3
0  03/03/2018    ...  12345    111       1      30
1  03/03/2018    ...  89547    222       2      50
2  02/03/2018    ...  12345    333       5      80

我想将其转换为 JSON 格式,如下所示:


{
    "XYZ": [
        {
            "Id": 123456,
            "date": "2021-03-03 09:00:00", # this field need to change datetime format
            "value_3": 30,
            "value_2": 1,
            "ABC": [
                {
                    "value_1": 111,
                    "type": "int" # 'type' field will always be 'int'
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "Id": 123456,
            "date": "2021-03-02 09:00:00", # this field need to change datetime format
            "value_3": 80,
            "value_2": 5,
            "ABC": [
                {
                    "value_1": 333,
                    "type": "int" # 'type' field will always be 'int'
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "Id": 89547,
            "date": "2021-03-03 09:00:00", # this field need to change datetime format
            "value_3": 50,
            "value_2": 2,
            "ABC": [
                {
                    "value_1": 222,
                    "type": "int" # 'type' field will always be 'int'
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

我对 Python 中的数据操作不是很熟悉,有没有一种简单的方法来进行转换(内置函数或任何库?)?非常感谢。

标签: pythonjsonpandasdataframenumpy

解决方案


利用:

import json

#convert values to datetimes
df['documentdate'] = pd.to_datetime(df['documentdate'], dayfirst=True, errors='coerce')

#change format of ABC
df['ABC'] = df['value_1'].apply(lambda x: [ {"value_1": x, "type": "int" }])             
#remove columns
df = df.drop('value_1', axis=1)
#convert to dict and then to json
j = json.dumps({"XYZ":df.to_dict(orient='records')}, default=str)

print (j)

编辑:

对于转换日期时间,也可以使用:

#https://stackoverflow.com/a/11875813/2901002
from bson import json_util
import json

json.dumps({"XYZ":df.to_dict(orient='records')}, default=json_util.default)

推荐阅读