python - 如何修复 ImportError：导入 _hello 时 DLL 加载失败：找不到指定的模块。使用 SWIG 时

Question

我目前正在学习包装器的工作原理，并在 Windows 10 上使用 SWIG。我用 C++ 编写了一个函数，并试图在 python 中调用它。在尝试导入 python 模块时出现错误

 Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\mathw\Documents\projects\hello\hello.py", line 14, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Python392\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 565, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 1108, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _hello: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\mathw\Documents\projects\hello\hello.py", line 17, in <module>
    _hello = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Users\mathw\Documents\projects\hello\hello.py", line 16, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module('_hello')
  File "C:\Python392\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _hello: The specified module could not be found.

这是它的代码。

你好.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "hello.h"

using namespace std; 

int foo()
{
    vector<string> msg{"Hello", "C++", "World", "from", "VS Code", "and the C++ extension!"};
    for (const string &word : msg)
    {
        cout << word << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
    return 0;
}

你好.h

int foo();

你好.i

%module hello

%{
extern int foo();
%}

extern int foo();

这些是我在命令提示符下调用的命令。命令基于此 视频

swig -c++ -python hello.i
g++ -c hello.cpp hello_wrap.cxx -I C:\Python392\include
g++ -shared hello.o hello_wrap.o _hello.pyd -L C:\Python392\libs -l python39

使用这些命令后，我尝试导入 hello 并得到上述错误。

标签： pythonc++swig