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batch-file - 使用部分名称创建文件夹和移动文件的批处理脚本

问题描述

我有一个文件列表：

Pcat2.zip
Pcat3.zip
Pcat22.zip
PcatGig10.zip
PcatGig21.zip
Pcolt2ned.zip
PColt3ned.zip
PColt10ned.zip
PColtI-1.zip
PColtIII-6.zip
PcoltIII-11.zip
PcoltIII-18.zip
PcoltIV-2.zip
PetPap25.zip
Pier4.zip
Pier16.zip
ProvSegrIV-4.zip
ProvSegrIII-1.zip
AttFIII-29.zip
AttFlI-5.zip
AttFlII-20.zip
AttFlVI-18.zip

我尝试使用根据文件名中的键字符串创建目录的脚本，并将文件移动到其中，如下所示：

|
+---Pcat
|      Pcat2.zip
|      Pcat3.zip
|      Pcat22.zip
|
+---PcatGig
|      PcatGig10.zip
|      PcatGig21.zip
|
+---Pcolt
|      Pcolt2ned.zip
|      PColt3ned.zip
|      PColt10ned.zip
|      PColtI-1.zip
|      PColtIII-6.zip
|      PcoltIII-11.zip
|      PcoltIII-18.zip
|      PcoltIV-2.zip
|
+---PetPap
|      PetPap25.zip
|
+---Pier
|      Pier4.zip
|      Pier16.zip
|
+---ProvSegr
|      ProvSegrIV-4.zip
|      ProvSegrIII-1.zip
|
+---AttF
|      AttFIII-29.zip
|
\---AttFl
       AttFlI-5.zip
       AttFlII-20.zip
       AttFlVI-18.zip

但是，我也想去掉十进制和类似罗马的数字

I-5
III-6
VI-18
VI-18
III-29
...

为了实现这一点，我尝试了这个脚本，但它不起作用。我在这里看一下 在批处理或 powershell 脚本中实现正则表达式以生成文件夹并在相对文件夹中移动文件，按文件名中的键字符串排序

@echo off
setlocal EnableExtensions DisableDelayedExpansion

rem // Define constants here:
set "SPLITCHAR=-"  & rem // (a single character to split the file names)
set "SEARCHSTR=_"  & rem // (a certain string to be replaced by another)
set "REPLACSTR= "  & rem // (a string to replace all found search strings)
set "OVERWRITE="   & rem // (set to non-empty value to force overwriting)

rem // Get file location and pattern from command line arguments:
set "LOCATION=%~1" & rem // (directory to move the processed files into)
set "PATTERNS=%~2" & rem // (file pattern; match all files if empty)

rem /* Prepare overwrite flag (if defined, set to character forbidden
rem    in file names; this affects later check for file existence): */
if defined OVERWRITE set "OVERWRITE=|"
rem // Continue only if target location is given:
if defined LOCATION (
    rem // Create target location (surpress error if it already exists):
    2> nul md "%LOCATION%"
    rem /* Loop through all files matching the given pattern
    rem    in the current working directory: */
    for /F "eol=| delims=" %%F in ('dir /B "%PATTERNS%"') do (
        rem // Process each file in a sub-routine:
        call :PROCESS "%%F" "%LOCATION%" "%SPLITCHAR%" "%SEARCHSTR%" "%REPLACSTR%"
    )
)

endlocal
exit /B


:PROCESS
rem // Retrieve first argument of sub-routine:
set "FILE=%~1"
rem // Split name at (first) split character and get portion in front:
for /F "delims=%~3" %%E in ("%~1") do (
    rem // Append a split character to partial name:
    set "FOLDER=%%E%~3"
)
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
rem // Right-trim partial name:
if not "%~4"=="" set "FOLDER=!FOLDER:%~4%~3=!"
set "FOLDER=!FOLDER:%~3=!"
rem /* Check whether partial name is not empty
rem    (could happen if name began with split character): */
if defined FOLDER (
    rem // Replace every search string with another:
    if not "%~4"=="" set "FOLDER=!FOLDER:%~4=%~5!"
    rem // Create sub-directory (surpress error if it already exists):
    2> nul md "%~2\!FOLDER!"
    rem /* Check if target file already exists; if overwrite flag is
    rem    set (to an invalid character), the target cannot exist: */
    if not exist "%~2\!FOLDER!\!FILE!%OVERWRITE%" (
        rem // Move file finally (surpress `1 file(s) moved.` message):
        1> nul move /Y "!FILE!" "%~2\!FOLDER!"
    )
)
endlocal
exit /B

该脚本需要包含所有要处理的文件的目录作为第一个命令行参数。创建的子目录放置在其中。可选的第二个命令行参数定义文件名模式以过滤某些文件类型/名称。假设它保存为 D:\Script\build-folder-hierarchy.bat，文件包含在 D:\Data 中，并且您只想处理 *.zip 文件，请按如下方式运行：

"C:\Script\build-folder-hierarchy.bat" "C:\Data" "*.zip"

标签： batch-file

解决方案

这是一个完成您需要的任务的脚本（请参阅所有解释性rem备注）：

@echo off
setlocal EnableExtensions DisableDelayedExpansion

rem // Define constants here:
set "_ROOT=%~dp0TEST"      & rem // (target directory containing files to process)
set "_MASK=*.zip"          & rem // (pattern to match the files against)
set "_SEP=-"               & rem // (separator between roman and decimal numbers)
set "_ROMAN=I V X L C D M" & rem // (characters that build up roman numbers)

rem // Change into the target directory:
pushd "%_ROOT%" && (
    rem // Loop through all matching files:
    for /F "delims= eol=|" %%F in ('dir /B /A:-D-H-S "%_MASK%"') do (
        rem // Store full file name and base name in variables:
        set "FILE=%%F" & set "NAME=%%~nF"
        rem // Toggle delayed expansion to avoid trouble with `!`:
        setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
        rem /* Split off (first) group of decimal numerals and everything after from
        rem    base name: */
        for /F "delims=0123456789 eol=0" %%E in ("_!NAME!") do (
            endlocal
            rem // Store resulting file name prefix in variable:
            set "PREF=%%E"
            setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
            rem /* Check whether last character is the predefined separator character
            rem    between roman and decimal numbers and remove it in case; afterwards,
            rem    split off all characters that may build up a roman number: */
            set "PREF=!PREF:*_=!"
            if defined PREF if "!PREF:~-1!"=="!_SEP!" (
                set "PREF=!PREF:~,-1!"
                call :ROMAN PREF PREF
            )
        )
        rem // Create sub-directory named like the retrieved file name prefix:
        2> nul md "!PREF!"
        rem // Move the currently iterated file into the sub-directory (no overwrite):
        if not exist "!PREF!\!FILE!" > nul move /Y "!FILE!" "!PREF!"
        endlocal
    )
    rem // Return from the target directory:
    popd
)

endlocal
exit /B


:ROMAN
    rem // Remove roman number from the end of a provided string:
    set "#STR=%~2"
    set "#RTN=%~1"
    set "%#RTN%=!%#STR%!"
:ROMAN_LOOP
    if defined %#RTN% (
        rem /* Check whether the last character of the string is a valid roman numeral
        rem    and split it off in case: */
        set "FLAG=" & for %%R in (!_ROMAN! !_ROMAN! !_ROMAN!) do (
            if "!%#RTN%:~-1!"=="%%R" set "FLAG=#"
        )
        if defined FLAG set "%#RTN%=!%#RTN%:~,-1!" & goto :ROMAN_LOOP
    )
    exit /B

实施以下方法：

  • 从文件名中拆分从第一个数字部分开始的所有内容；
  • 检查-您的示例文件中的余数是否以分隔罗马数字和十进制数字的结尾；
  • 如果它确实删除它并从末尾删除由可能构建罗马数字的字符组成的最长序列而不检查它是否实际上是有效的；

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