python - 如何执行依赖于在另一个 python gui 脚本中提取文件名的 python 脚本？

Question

我创建了一个 Python脚本NoShowCalc.py（但是，我希望这一切都通过 GUI 执行，所以我启动了一个单独的 ( ) 脚本来创建一个带有浏览按钮的界面，该按钮将获取这些文件路径名，然后这将为我提供执行脚本所需的内容。一旦选择了这些 excel 文件，就会出现另一个按钮来执行脚本。然而，我做到了，它奏效了！但我不知道我改变了什么，现在两个不同的 py 文件没有连接。booked_file_patharrived_file_pathvlookup_file_pathGUI.pyNoShowCalc.pyNoShowCalc.py

这是脚本中的NoShowGUI.py脚本：

def open_file():
browse_text.set('Loading...')
booked_file_path = askopenfile(parent=root, mode='rb', title='Choose a file', filetype=[('CSV file', '*.csv')])
if booked_file_path:
    read_csv = (booked_file_path)
    browse_text.set('Loaded')

def run():
    os.system('NoShow_Calc.py')
    calculate_text.set("Calculating...")
#Calculate button
calculate_text = tk.StringVar()
calculate_btn = tk.Button(root, textvariable=calculate_text, command=lambda:run(), font='Calibri', fg='black', height=1, width=15)
calculate_text.set("Calculate No Show")
calculate_btn.grid(column=2, row=9)

这些是NoShowCalc.py脚本中的第一行：

import pandas as pd 

booked = pd.read_csv(booked_file_path, parse_dates=['Appointment Date'])
arrived = pd.read_csv(arrived_file_path, parse_dates=['Appointment Date'])
vlookup = pd.read_excel(vlookup_file_path)

不断弹出的错误是NameError: name 'booked_file_path' is not defined。我不知道它之前是如何运行的，现在这个错误正在弹出，因为它不能再与其他 py 文件对话了。我做错了什么？

标签： pythontkinteroperating-system

Answer 1

如果您使用os.system()或使用模块运行脚本subprocess，则不能使用其他脚本中的变量。它们作为独立的进程运行，不能共享变量（或内存中的数据）

您只能发送一些文本值作为参数

 os.system('NoShow_Calc.py ' + booked_file_path)

然后你可以NoShow_Calc使用sys.argv

import pandas as pd 
import sys

booked_file_path  = sys.argv[1]

booked = pd.read_csv(booked_file_path, parse_dates=['Appointment Date'])
arrived = pd.read_csv(arrived_file_path, parse_dates=['Appointment Date'])
vlookup = pd.read_excel(vlookup_file_path)

如果您需要其他变量，那么您必须以相同的方式发送其他值

 os.system('NoShow_Calc.py ' + booked_file_path + ' ' + other_filename)

和

booked_file_path = sys.argv[1]
other_filename = sys.argv[2] 
# etc.

但是使用os.system()你不能将结果booked, arrived, vlookup从NoShow_Calcto发送NoShowGUI。

你可以这样做，subprocess但它只能作为文本发送 - 所以NoShow_Calc必须使用print()来显示所有结果，并且NoShowGUI必须将此文本解析为预期的结构 - 即。列表，字典，DataFrame

---

更好的是，您应该使用import从中加载代码NoShow_Calc.py，然后所有代码在同一进程中运行，因此所有代码都可以访问相同的变量——并且它不需要转换为文本并从文本返回。

为了使它更好，我将代码放入函数中

import pandas as pd 

def my_function(booked_file_path, arrived_file_path, vlookup_file_path):
    booked = pd.read_csv(booked_file_path, parse_dates=['Appointment Date'])
    arrived = pd.read_csv(arrived_file_path, parse_dates=['Appointment Date'])
    vlookup = pd.read_excel(vlookup_file_path)

    return booked, arrived, vlookup

然后NoShowGUI你可以导入它并像任何其他功能一样使用

from NoShow_Calc import my_function

booked, arrived, vlookup = my_function(booked_file_path, arrived_file_path, vlookup_file_path)

---

编辑：

我做了最少的工作代码。我把它减少到只有一个文件名。

NoShow_Calc.py

import pandas as pd 

def calc(booked_file_path): #, arrived_file_path, vlookup_file_path):
    booked = pd.read_csv(booked_file_path, parse_dates=['Appointment Date'])
    #arrived = pd.read_csv(arrived_file_path, parse_dates=['Appointment Date'])
    #vlookup = pd.read_excel(vlookup_file_path)
    
    return booked #, arrived, vlookup

NoShowGUI.py

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename   # instead of `askopenfile`

# adding directory with this script to `sys.path` before `import NoShow_Calc`
# to make sure that `import` will search `NoShow_Calc.py` in correct folder even when GUI will be run from different folder

import os
import sys

HOME_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
sys.path.append(HOME_DIR)

import NoShow_Calc

print('HOME_DIR:', HOME_DIR)

def select_filename():
    global booked_file_path  # inform function that it has to assign value to external/global variable 

    text_log.insert('end', 'Selecting ...\n')
    
    # use `askopenfilename` instead of `askopenfile` 
    # because I need only filename, not opened file (pandas will open it on its own)
    
    booked_file_path = askopenfilename(parent=root,                                        
                                       title='Choose a file', 
                                       #initialdir='/home/furas',
                                       filetypes=[('CSV file', '*.csv')])
    
    if booked_file_path:
        text_log.insert('end', f'Selected: {booked_file_path}\n')
    else:
        text_log.insert('end', f'Not selected\n')

def run():
    text_log.insert('end', "Calculating...\n")

    if booked_file_path is None:
        text_log.insert('end', "File booked_file_path not selected !!!")
        return
    #elif arrived_file_path is None:
    #    text_log.insert('end', "File arrived_file_path not selected !!!")
    #    return
    #elif vlookup_file_path is None:
    #    text_log.insert('end', "File vlookup_file_path not selected !!!")
    #    return
    else:        
        root.update()  # force tkinter to update text in text_log at once (not when it exits function `run`)
        result = NoShow_Calc.calc(booked_file_path)# , arrived_file_path, vlookup_file_path)

    text_log.insert('end', "Result:\n")
    text_log.insert('end', str(result.head()) + "\n")
    
# --- main ---    

booked_file_path = None  # default value at start (so in `run` I can check `None` to see if I selecte filename)
#arrived_file_path = None
#vlookup_file_path = None

root = tk.Tk()

text_log = tk.Text(root)
text_log.grid(column=0, row=0)

select_btn = tk.Button(root, text="Select File Name", command=select_filename)
select_btn.grid(column=0, row=1)

calculate_btn = tk.Button(root, text="Calculate", command=run)
calculate_btn.grid(column=0, row=2)

root.mainloop()