python-3.x - 安装 pycrypto 时需要 Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 或更高版本的错误
问题描述
我知道 Stack Overflow 中有很多关于这个问题的问题，但这些线程中没有任何帮助我。我已经安装Visual Studio 2019并Visual Studio Build Tools 16.9.4安装了。我正在使用Python 3.9.4 64-bit和pip 21.0.1（21.1 有一个错误，所以我降级了）。我也试过跑步pip install --upgrade setuptools
我也尝试过重新安装 Python 3.9.4，但这没有任何意义。
我正在尝试使用 pip 安装 pycrypto 库，但在运行 setup.py 时会出错。结果如下：
Running setup.py install for pycrypto ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 'c:\users\ymzym.desktop-tqfqim2\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setu
ptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\ymzym.DESKTOP-TQFQIM2\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-tgyuleis\\pycry
pto_08cf19d3d00c4f6181dea83edc53f39f\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\ymzym.DESKTOP-TQFQIM2\\AppData\\Local\\Tem
p\\pip-install-tgyuleis\\pycrypto_08cf19d3d00c4f6181dea83edc53f39f\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', op
en)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"')
)' install --record 'C:\Users\ymzym.DESKTOP-TQFQIM2\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-bzrgxks0\install-record.txt' --single-
version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers 'c:\users\ymzym.desktop-tqfqim2\appdata\local\programs\python\pyt
hon39\Include\pycrypto'
cwd: C:\Users\ymzym.DESKTOP-TQFQIM2\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-tgyuleis\pycrypto_08cf19d3d00c4f6181dea83edc
53f39f\
Complete output (153 lines):
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto
copying lib\Crypto\pct_warnings.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto
copying lib\Crypto\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\hashalgo.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\HMAC.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\MD2.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\MD4.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\MD5.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\RIPEMD.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\SHA.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\SHA224.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\SHA256.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\SHA384.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\SHA512.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\Hash\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Hash
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\AES.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\ARC2.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\ARC4.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\blockalgo.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\Blowfish.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\CAST.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\DES.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\DES3.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\PKCS1_OAEP.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\PKCS1_v1_5.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\XOR.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\Cipher\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Cipher
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\asn1.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\Counter.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\number.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\py3compat.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\randpool.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\RFC1751.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\winrandom.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\_number_new.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
copying lib\Crypto\Util\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Util
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random
copying lib\Crypto\Random\random.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random
copying lib\Crypto\Random\_UserFriendlyRNG.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random
copying lib\Crypto\Random\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\Fortuna
copying lib\Crypto\Random\Fortuna\FortunaAccumulator.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\Fortuna
copying lib\Crypto\Random\Fortuna\FortunaGenerator.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\Fortuna
copying lib\Crypto\Random\Fortuna\SHAd256.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\Fortuna
copying lib\Crypto\Random\Fortuna\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\Fortuna
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\Random\OSRNG\fallback.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\Random\OSRNG\nt.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\Random\OSRNG\posix.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\Random\OSRNG\rng_base.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\Random\OSRNG\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Random\OSRNG
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\st_common.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\common.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_AES.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_ARC2.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_ARC4.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_Blowfish.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_CAST.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_DES.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_DES3.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_pkcs1_15.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_pkcs1_oaep.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\test_XOR.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Cipher
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\common.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_HMAC.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_MD2.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_MD4.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_MD5.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_RIPEMD.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_SHA.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_SHA224.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_SHA256.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_SHA384.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\test_SHA512.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Hash
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol\test_AllOrNothing.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol\test_chaffing.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol\test_KDF.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol\test_rfc1751.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Protocol
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey\test_DSA.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey\test_ElGamal.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey\test_importKey.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey\test_RSA.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\PublicKey
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\test_random.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\test_rpoolcompat.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\test__UserFriendlyRNG.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\Fortuna
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\Fortuna\test_FortunaAccumulator.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Ran
dom\Fortuna
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\Fortuna\test_FortunaGenerator.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Rando
m\Fortuna
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\Fortuna\test_SHAd256.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\Fortuna
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\Fortuna\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\Fortuna
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG\test_fallback.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG\test_generic.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG\test_nt.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG\test_posix.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG\test_winrandom.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Random\OSRNG
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Util
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Util\test_asn1.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Util
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Util\test_Counter.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Util
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Util\test_number.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Util
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Util\test_winrandom.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Util
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Util\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Util
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Signature
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Signature\test_pkcs1_15.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Signature
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Signature\test_pkcs1_pss.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Signature
copying lib\Crypto\SelfTest\Signature\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\SelfTest\Signature
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\Protocol\AllOrNothing.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\Protocol\Chaffing.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\Protocol\KDF.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Protocol
copying lib\Crypto\Protocol\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Protocol
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\PublicKey\DSA.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\PublicKey\ElGamal.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\PublicKey\pubkey.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\PublicKey\RSA.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\PublicKey\_DSA.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\PublicKey\_RSA.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\PublicKey\_slowmath.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
copying lib\Crypto\PublicKey\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\PublicKey
creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Signature
copying lib\Crypto\Signature\PKCS1_PSS.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Signature
copying lib\Crypto\Signature\PKCS1_v1_5.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Signature
copying lib\Crypto\Signature\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\Crypto\Signature
Skipping optional fixer: buffer
Skipping optional fixer: idioms
Skipping optional fixer: set_literal
Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
running build_ext
warning: GMP or MPIR library not found; Not building Crypto.PublicKey._fastmath.
building 'Crypto.Random.OSRNG.winrandom' extension
error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Build Tools for Visual Studio": https://visualstudio.micr
osoft.com/downloads/
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'c:\users\ymzym.desktop-tqfqim2\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\py
thon.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\ymzym.DESKTOP-TQFQIM2\\AppData\\Local\\
Temp\\pip-install-tgyuleis\\pycrypto_08cf19d3d00c4f6181dea83edc53f39f\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\ymzym.DES
KTOP-TQFQIM2\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-tgyuleis\\pycrypto_08cf19d3d00c4f6181dea83edc53f39f\\setup.py'"'"';f=get
attr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compil
e(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\ymzym.DESKTOP-TQFQIM2\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-bzrgx
ks0\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers 'c:\users\ymzym.desktop-tqfqim2\
appdata\local\programs\python\python39\Include\pycrypto' Check the logs for full command output.
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.0.1; however, version 21.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'c:\users\ymzym.desktop-tqfqim2\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe
-m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
我该如何解决这个问题？
解决方案
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