python - 文件之间的 Python 全局变量

Question

我有一个包含我所有功能的 functions.py 文件。我想从 main.py 文件中打印一个变量，该文件是在 function.py 文件的函数中创建的。我怎样才能做到这一点？

函数.py：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import time
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

def open_tradeview():
    browser.get('https://www.tradingview.com/chart/')
    wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 10)

    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[2]/div[3]/div/div/div/div"))).click() #Click on Hamburger menu
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[6]/div/span/div[1]/div/div/div[11]"))).click() #Click on sign in button
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[6]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div[1]/div[4]/div/span"))).click() #Click on sign in with email button
    wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME, "username"))).send_keys("[e-mail]") #type in email
    wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME, "password"))).send_keys("2C3-cc9r" + Keys.RETURN) #type in password
    time.sleep(18)
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div/div/article/button"))).click() #Click ad away
    time.sleep(26)
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div/div/div/article/button"))).click() #Click ad away
    time.sleep(5)
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[6]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/button"))).click() #Click ad away
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, "header-toolbar-symbol-search"))).click() #Currency pair
    wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".search-Hsmn_0WX.upperCase-Hsmn_0WX.input-3n5_2-hI"))).send_keys("VETUSD") #type in currency pair
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(), 'VeChain / US Dollar (calculated by TradingView)')]"))).click() #select new currency pair
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div"))).click() #click on time frame
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[6]/div/span/div[1]/div/div/div/div[12]/div"))).click() #select 30min time frame
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div[5]/div/div"))).click() #click on indicators
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div[5]/div/div"))).click() #click on indicators
    wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[6]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/input"))).send_keys("ATR Trailing Stoploss") #search for ATR indicator
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[6]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div[1]"))).click() #click on ATR indicator
    wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "/html/body/div[6]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/span"))).click() #close search window

    
def get_atr_price():
    global atr
    global price
    atr = browser.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/table/tr[1]/td[2]/div/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div').text
    price = browser.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/table/tr[1]/td[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/span[2]').text
    

主要.py：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import time
import yagmail
from functions import *
import functions
functions.get_atr_price()

open_tradeview()


get_atr_price()

print(atr)

当我想打印变量 atr 时，我收到一个错误，即未定义变量 atr

那么基本上我怎样才能从两个文件中访问每个变量呢？

标签： pythonpython-3.x

Answer 1

你试过这样的东西吗？

print(functions.atr)

这是一个对我有用的例子：

主要.py：

import functions

print("hello from main!")
print(functions.hello)
functions.funky() # this changes the value
print(functions.hello)

函数.py：

hello = 4 # here the global variable is declared

def funky():
    print("hello from functions.funky()")
    global hello
    hello = 10 # changes the value

输出：

hello from main
4
hello from functions.funky()
10

编辑：如果你想在没有全局变量的情况下工作，你可以让get_atr_price()函数返回 atr 和 price，如下所示：

函数.py：

def get_atr_price():
    atr = browser.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/table/tr[1]/td[2]/div/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div').text
    price = browser.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div/table/tr[1]/td[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/span[2]').text
    return atr, price

然后，在您的 main.py 文件中，您可以像这样使用它们：

atr, price = functions.get_atr_price();