python - 在 vscode Jupyter Notebook 中使用 head 运行 Selenium

Question

我在vscode中新建了一个Jupyter Notebook，输入如下代码：

from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver

browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('https://www.facebook.com/')
sleep(5)
browser.close()

当我将其作为 .py 文件运行时，它运行良好。但是当我在 .ipynb 文件中作为一个单元运行时，我得到了错误：

WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed.
(chrome not reachable)
(The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
WebDriverException                        Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-2-9d5c2a8914c9> in <module>
      2 # this is tested on Firefox or you can use "webdriver.Chrome()"
      3 from selenium import webdriver
----> 4 browser = webdriver.Chrome()
      5 browser.get('https://www.facebook.com/')
      6 sleep(5)

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py in __init__(self, executable_path, port, options, service_args, desired_capabilities, service_log_path, chrome_options, keep_alive)
     74 
     75         try:
---> 76             RemoteWebDriver.__init__(
     77                 self,
     78                 command_executor=ChromeRemoteConnection(

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py in __init__(self, command_executor, desired_capabilities, browser_profile, proxy, keep_alive, file_detector, options)
    155             warnings.warn("Please use FirefoxOptions to set browser profile",
    156                           DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
--> 157         self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
    158         self._switch_to = SwitchTo(self)
    159         self._mobile = Mobile(self)

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py in start_session(self, capabilities, browser_profile)
    250         parameters = {"capabilities": w3c_caps,
    251                       "desiredCapabilities": capabilities}
--> 252         response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
    253         if 'sessionId' not in response:
    254             response = response['value']

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py in execute(self, driver_command, params)
    319         response = self.command_executor.execute(driver_command, params)
    320         if response:
--> 321             self.error_handler.check_response(response)
    322             response['value'] = self._unwrap_value(
    323                 response.get('value', None))

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py in check_response(self, response)
    240                 alert_text = value['alert'].get('text')
    241             raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace, alert_text)
--> 242         raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
    243 
    244     def _value_or_default(self, obj, key, default):

WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed.
  (chrome not reachable)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

如果我添加：

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)

那么这工作正常。但我真的不希望它现在无头运行，因为我希望看到我在编写代码时所做的更改。如何让它在 vscode + jupyter notebook 中使用附加的头部运行？

标签： pythonseleniumselenium-webdrivervisual-studio-codejupyter-notebook