clips - 剪辑编程：如何计算有多少事实是“是”？
问题描述
我是剪辑编程的新手，我目前正在开发一个针对心理健康疾病（焦虑）的专家系统。我的系统的工作方式是在用户回答完所有问题之后，例如“您是否过度担心？”、“您感到孤独吗？”、“您呼吸困难吗？” 以此类推，系统将打印输出。例如：-
;after the user has input all the question about the symptoms...
(defrule MAIN::s-1
(have-anxiety yes)
(or (age 2)
(age 3))
(heart_palpitation yes)
(excess_sweating yes)
(body_trembling yes)
(dizzy yes)
(difficult_breath yes)
(afraid_crowd yes)
(panic_attack yes)
(short_breath yes)
(panic_arises yes)
(how_long 2)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have panic disorder! Please refer specialist now!!!")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (disorder panic)))
我的系统现在的问题是假设所有事实都是“是”，那么这意味着用户有精神障碍。但是，如果只有 1 个事实是“否”，那么用户自动没有混乱，因为它不满足触发规则的要求。从逻辑上讲，如果一个人有 10 种精神疾病症状中的 9 种，则该人一定患有精神疾病。
因此，我想做一个条件，比如如果用户有 4 个或更多症状，那么用户就有了精神疾病。先感谢您！
更新
以下是我的完整代码：-
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;FUNCTION;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(deffunction ask-question (?question $?allowed-values)
(printout t ?question)
(bind ?answer (read))
(if (lexemep ?answer)
then (bind ?answer (lowcase ?answer)))
(while (not (member$ ?answer ?allowed-values)) do
(printout t ?question)
(bind ?answer (read))
(if (lexemep ?answer)
then (bind ?answer (lowcase ?answer))))
?answer)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(deffunction yes-or-no-p (?question)
(bind ?response (ask-question ?question yes no y n))
(if (or (eq ?response yes) (eq ?response y))
then yes
else no))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(deffunction ask-question-number (?question $?allowed-values)
(printout t ?question)
(bind ?answer (read))
(while (not (member$ ?answer ?allowed-values)) do
(printout t ?question)
(bind ?answer (read)))
?answer)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(deffunction number-valid (?question)
(bind ?response (ask-question-number ?question 1 2 3))
(if (= ?response 1)
then 1
else (if (= ?response 2)
then 2
else 3)
)
)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(deffunction ask-question-number-2 (?question $?allowed-values)
(printout t ?question)
(bind ?answer (read))
(while (not (member$ ?answer ?allowed-values)) do
(printout t ?question)
(bind ?answer (read)))
?answer)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(deffunction number-valid-2 (?question)
(bind ?response (ask-question-number-2 ?question 1 2))
(if (= ?response 1)
then 1
else 2)
)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;START RULE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(defrule MAIN::start
(declare (salience 10))
=>
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "Anxiety Diagnosis Expert System")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (have-anxiety (yes-or-no-p "Do you have an excessive anxiety and worry?:"))))
(defrule f-2
(have-anxiety yes)
=>
(printout t "Choose your citizen category:")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "1. Adolescence")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "2. Adult")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "3. Kid")
(printout t crlf crlf)
; (printout t "Type number(1/2/3): ")
; (assert (age (read))))
(assert (age (number-valid "Type number: "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-3
(have-anxiety yes)
=>
(assert (heart_palpitation (yes-or-no-p "Heart palpitation?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-4
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
=>
(assert (excess_sweating (yes-or-no-p "Excessive sweating?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-5
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
=>
(assert (body_trembling (yes-or-no-p "Trembling on some parts of body?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-6
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
=>
(assert (dizzy (yes-or-no-p "Feeling dizzy?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-19
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
=>
(assert (concentrate (yes-or-no-p "Are you hard to concentrate? "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-20
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
=>
(assert (uneasy_unrealistically (yes-or-no-p "Always feeling uneasy and thinking unrealistically? "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-21
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
=>
(assert (muscle_feel_tight (yes-or-no-p "Exposure to triggers causes the muscles to feel tight? "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-8
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(control_worry no)
=>
(assert (afraid_crowd (yes-or-no-p "Afraid of crowded place?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-7
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(control_worry no)
=>
(assert (difficult_breath (yes-or-no-p "Difficult at breathing?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-9
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(dizzy yes)
(afraid_crowd yes)
(difficult_breath yes)
(concentrate no)
(uneasy_unrealistically no)
(muscle_feel_tight no)
=>
(assert (panic_attack (yes-or-no-p "Panic attacks repeat unexpectedly?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-10
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(dizzy yes)
(concentrate no)
(uneasy_unrealistically no)
(muscle_feel_tight no)
(afraid_crowd yes)
(difficult_breath yes)
=>
(assert (short_breath (yes-or-no-p "Sensation of shortness of breath?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-11
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(dizzy yes)
(concentrate no)
(uneasy_unrealistically no)
(muscle_feel_tight no)
(afraid_crowd yes)
(difficult_breath yes)
=>
(assert (panic_arises (yes-or-no-p "Panic arises even through the object that triggers panic is not life threatening?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-12
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(dizzy yes)
(concentrate no)
(uneasy_unrealistically no)
(muscle_feel_tight no)
(afraid_crowd yes)
(difficult_breath yes)
=>
(printout t "How long did this happen:")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "1. less than 1 month")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "2. more than 1 month")
(printout t crlf crlf crlf)
; (printout t "Type number(1/2):")
; (assert (how_long (read))))
(assert (how_long (number-valid-2 "Type number(1/2):"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-13
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
=>
(assert (major_attachment_figures (yes-or-no-p "Have major attachment figures?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-14
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "List of symptom:")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "1. Refuse to leave home, go to school, go to work.")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "2. Worry about losing major attachment figures due to illness, disasters, or death.")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "3. Worry about experiencing untoward events (getting lost, being kidnapped, having an accident, becoming ill).")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "4. Reluctance to sleep away from home or sleep away from home.")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "5. Repeated nightmares with separation theme.")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (list_symptom (yes-or-no-p "Do you have at least 1 of the symptom?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-15
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
=>
(assert (worry_separation (yes-or-no-p "Worry about separation?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-16
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
=>
(assert (nausea (yes-or-no-p "Nausea or vomitting?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-17
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
=>
(assert (stomach_aches (yes-or-no-p "Stomach aches?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-18
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
=>
(assert (headache (yes-or-no-p "Headaches?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::s-2-f-12
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
=>
(printout t "How long did this happen:")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "1. less than 1 month")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "2. more than 1 month")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "3. more than 6 month")
(printout t crlf crlf crlf)
; (printout t "Type number(1/2/3):")
; (assert (how_long (read))))
(assert (how_long (number-valid "Type number(1/2/3)?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-27
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures no)
=>
(assert (avoid_social (yes-or-no-p "Avoid social situation?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-28
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures no)
=>
(assert (fear_social (yes-or-no-p "Fear about social situation?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-29
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures no)
=>
(assert (fear_humiliation (yes-or-no-p "Fear of humiliating or embarrassing themselves?:"))))
(defrule MAIN::f-22
(have-anxiety yes)
(dizzy no)
(difficult_breath no)
(heart_palpitation yes)
=>
(assert (fear_not_realistic (yes-or-no-p "Do not realize that your fear is not realistic? "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-23
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(dizzy no)
=>
(assert (trigger_headache (yes-or-no-p "Exposure to triggers causes of frequent headaches/migraines? "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-24
(have-anxiety yes)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(dizzy no)
=>
(assert (trigger_intense_anxiety (yes-or-no-p "Exposure to triggers cause intense anxiety? "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-25
(heart_palpitation yes)
=>
(assert (control_worry (yes-or-no-p "Difficult control worry? "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-26-adult-adoles
(control_worry yes)
(or (age 1)
(age 2))
=>
(printout t "Do you experience three or more of the following:-")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "1. Restlessness")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "2. Easily fatigue")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "3. Muscle tension")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "4. Hard to concentrate")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "5. Sleep disturbance")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (experience (yes-or-no-p "Type (yes/no) : "))))
(defrule MAIN::f-26-kid
(control_worry yes)
(age 3)
=>
(printout t "Do you experience atleast 1 of the following:-")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "1. Restlessness")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "2. Easily fatigue")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "3. Muscle tension")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "4. Hard to concentrate")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "5. Sleep disturbance")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (experience-kid (yes-or-no-p "Type (yes/no) : "))))
(defrule MAIN::s-4-f-12
(or (experience yes)
(experience-kid yes))
=>
(printout t "How long did this happen:")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "1. less than 6 months")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "2. more than 6 months")
(printout t crlf crlf crlf)
(assert (how_long (number-valid-2 "Type number(1/2):"))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;RESULT;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(defrule MAIN::s-1
(have-anxiety yes)
(or (age 2)
(age 3))
(heart_palpitation yes)
(excess_sweating yes)
(body_trembling yes)
(dizzy yes)
(difficult_breath yes)
(afraid_crowd yes)
(panic_attack yes)
(short_breath yes)
(panic_arises yes)
(how_long 2)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have panic disorder! Please refer specialist now!!!")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (disorder panic)))
(defrule MAIN::s-2-1
(have-anxiety yes)
(age 2)
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
(list_symptom yes)
(worry_separation yes)
(nausea yes)
(stomach_aches yes)
(headache yes)
(how_long 3)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have separation anxiety disorder! Please refer specialist now!!!")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (disorder separation-anxiety)))
; (halt))
(defrule MAIN::s-2-2
(have-anxiety yes)
(or (age 1)
(age 3))
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
(major_attachment_figures yes)
(list_symptom yes)
(worry_separation yes)
(nausea yes)
(stomach_aches yes)
(headache yes)
(how_long 2)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have separation anxiety disorder! Please refer specialist now!!!")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (disorder separation-anxiety)))
; (halt))
(defrule MAIN::s-3
(have-anxiety yes)
(or (age 2)
(age 3))
(heart_palpitation yes)
(excess_sweating yes)
(body_trembling yes)
(dizzy no)
(concentrate yes)
(uneasy_unrealistically yes)
(muscle_feel_tight yes)
(afraid_crowd yes)
(fear_not_realistic yes)
(trigger_headache yes)
(trigger_intense_anxiety yes)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have phobia disorder! Please refer specialist now!!!")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (disorder phobia)))
; (halt))
(defrule MAIN::s-4-adult-adoles
(have-anxiety yes)
(experience yes)
(or (age 1)
(age 2))
(heart_palpitation yes)
(excess_sweating yes)
(body_trembling yes)
(dizzy yes)
(concentrate yes)
(uneasy_unrealistically yes)
(muscle_feel_tight yes)
(control_worry yes)
(how_long 2)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have generalized anxiety disorder! Please refer specialist now!!!")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (disorder generalized-anxiety)))
; (halt))
(defrule MAIN::s-4-kid
(have-anxiety yes)
(experience-kid yes)
(age 3)
(heart_palpitation yes)
(excess_sweating yes)
(body_trembling yes)
(dizzy yes)
(concentrate yes)
(uneasy_unrealistically yes)
(muscle_feel_tight yes)
(control_worry yes)
(how_long 2)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have generalized anxiety disorder! Please refer specialist now!!!")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (disorder generalized-anxiety)))
; (halt))
(defrule MAIN::s-5
(have-anxiety yes)
(or (age 2)
(age 3))
(heart_palpitation no)
(major_attachment_figures no)
(avoid_social yes)
(fear_social yes)
(fear_humiliation yes)
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have social anxiety disorder! Please refer specialist now!!!")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (disorder social-anxiety)))
; (halt))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;FEEDBACK;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(defrule MAIN::feedback-have-disorder
(or (disorder panic)
(disorder separation-anxiety)
(disorder phobia)
(disorder generalized-anxiety)
(disorder social-anxiety))
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Do you satisfied with the system ?" crlf)
(printout t "Rate: (1)-Disatisfied")
(printout t " (2)-Normal")
(printout t " (3)-Satisfied" crlf crlf)
(assert (feedback (number-valid "Feedback answer : ")))
(printout t crlf crlf "Thank you, have a nice day!" crlf))
(defrule feedback-no-disorder
(declare (salience -10000))
(or (and (not (disorder panic|separation-anxiety|phobia|generalized-anxiety|social-anxiety))
(have-anxiety no))
(and (not (disorder panic|separation-anxiety|phobia|generalized-anxiety|social-anxiety))
(have-anxiety yes)))
=>
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Solution:")
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "You have no disorder")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (no-disorder yes))
(printout t crlf)
(printout t "Do you satisfied with the system ?" crlf)
(printout t "Rate: (1)-Disatisfied")
(printout t " (2)-Normal")
(printout t " (3)-Satisfied" crlf crlf)
(assert (feedback (number-valid "Feedback answer : ")))
(printout t crlf crlf "Thank you, have a nice day!" crlf))
更新
假设我创建了一个名为 generalized-anxiety-list 的新定义模板，我只想在其中存储广泛性焦虑症状。然后我创建一个新的 defrule 来检查是否只有广泛性焦虑的症状：
(defrule check-s-5
;all these symptoms MUST be a condition
(symptom (name have-anxiety) (value yes))
(symptom (name heart-palpitation) (value no))
(symptom (name major-attachment-figures) (value no))
(symptom (name avoid-social) (value yes))
(symptom (name fear-social) (value yes))
(symptom (name fear-humiliation) (value yes))
=>
(assert (generalized-anxiety-list (generalized-anxiety-names
我被困在这里。我如何在广义焦虑列表中断言这些症状？
更新
我创建了一个名为 count-all 的新 deftemplate 来计算所有带有 yes 和 no 值的症状。只要用户输入问题的新答案，它就会将症状的名称存储在count-all中。
(deftemplate count-all
(multislot names))
(defrule new-count-all
(symptom (name ?name))
=>
(assert (count-all (names ?name))))
(defrule add-to-count-all
(symptom (name ?name))
?sl <- (count-all (names $?names&~:(member$ ?name ?names)))
=>
(modify ?sl (names ?names ?name)))
解决方案
创建一个 deftemplate 用于一般地表示症状（或响应或任何您想称呼它们的名称）：
CLIPS (6.4 2/9/21)
CLIPS>
(deftemplate symptom
(slot name)
(slot value))
CLIPS>
添加一个 deftemplate 和规则来收集所有共享一个共同值的症状：
CLIPS>
(deftemplate symptom-list
(multislot names)
(slot value))
CLIPS>
(defrule new-symptom-list
(symptom (name ?name)
(value ?value))
(not (symptom-list (value ?value)))
=>
(assert (symptom-list (names ?name) (value ?value))))
CLIPS>
(defrule add-to-symptom-list
(symptom (name ?name)
(value ?value))
?sl <- (symptom-list (names $?names&~:(member$ ?name ?names))
(value ?value))
=>
(modify ?sl (names ?names ?name)))
CLIPS>
修改现有规则以使用新的症状 deftemplate：
CLIPS>
(deffunction ask-question (?question $?allowed-values)
(printout t ?question)
(bind ?answer (read))
(if (lexemep ?answer)
then (bind ?answer (lowcase ?answer)))
(while (not (member$ ?answer ?allowed-values)) do
(printout t ?question)
(bind ?answer (read))
(if (lexemep ?answer)
then (bind ?answer (lowcase ?answer))))
?answer)
CLIPS>
(deffunction yes-or-no-p (?question)
(bind ?response (ask-question ?question yes no y n))
(if (or (eq ?response yes) (eq ?response y))
then yes
else no))
CLIPS>
(defrule start
(declare (salience 10))
=>
(printout t crlf crlf)
(printout t "Anxiety Diagnosis Expert System")
(printout t crlf crlf)
(assert (symptom (name have-anxiety)
(value (yes-or-no-p "Do you have an excessive anxiety and worry?: ")))))
CLIPS>
(defrule f-3
(symptom (name have-anxiety) (value yes))
=>
(assert (symptom (name heart_palpitation) (value (yes-or-no-p "Heart palpitation?: ")))))
CLIPS>
(defrule f-4
(symptom (name have-anxiety) (value yes))
(symptom (name heart_palpitation) (value yes))
=>
(assert (symptom (name excess_sweating) (value (yes-or-no-p "Excessive sweating?: ")))))
CLIPS>
(defrule f-5
(symptom (name have-anxiety) (value yes))
(symptom (name heart_palpitation) (value yes))
=>
(assert (symptom (name body_trembling) (value (yes-or-no-p "Trembling on some parts of body?: ")))))
CLIPS>
现在，当您运行程序时，症状列表事实将具有具有相同值的症状集合：
CLIPS> (reset)
CLIPS> (run)
Anxiety Diagnosis Expert System
Do you have an excessive anxiety and worry?: yes
Heart palpitation?: yes
Excessive sweating?: no
Trembling on some parts of body?: yes
CLIPS> (facts)
f-1 (symptom (name have-anxiety) (value yes))
f-2 (symptom-list (names have-anxiety heart_palpitation body_trembling) (value yes))
f-3 (symptom (name heart_palpitation) (value yes))
f-4 (symptom (name excess_sweating) (value no))
f-5 (symptom-list (names excess_sweating) (value no))
f-6 (symptom (name body_trembling) (value yes))
For a total of 6 facts.
CLIPS>
您现在可以编写规则，其中操作或条件检索具有相似值的症状计数：
CLIPS>
(defrule count-yes-symptoms
(symptom-list (names $?names) (value yes))
=>
(println "Number of symptoms with value yes = " (length$ ?names)))
CLIPS> (run)
Number of symptoms with value yes = 3
CLIPS>
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