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首页 > 解决方案 > 转换分层 DOM 树 XML 文件：XSLT 能否转换为“扁平化”XML 文件而不会丢失数据？

xml - 转换分层 DOM 树 XML 文件：XSLT 能否转换为“扁平化”XML 文件而不会丢失数据？

问题描述

我正在处理每个月来的一批 XML 文件。它们都遵循相同的 DOM 树结构，并且不附带模式文件。这是一个示例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<REPORT><REPORT-DTL><REPORT-ID>PCRP60R1-C</REPORT-ID><REPORT-DATE>2020-10-01</REPORT-DATE><REPORT-NAME>OUTSIDE USE REPORT (PATIENTS WITH SIGNED CONSENT)</REPORT-NAME><REPORT-PERIOD-START>2020-09-01</REPORT-PERIOD-START><REPORT-PERIOD-END>2020-09-30</REPORT-PERIOD-END></REPORT-DTL>
  <GROUP><GROUP-DTL><GROUP-ID>DoctorAGroup1234</GROUP-ID><GROUP-TYPE>HOSP</GROUP-TYPE><GROUP-NAME>COUNTY HOSP</GROUP-NAME></GROUP-DTL>
    <PROVIDER><PROVIDER-DTL><PROVIDER-NUMBER>DoctorAID1234</PROVIDER-NUMBER><PROVIDER-LAST-NAME>DoctorALastname</PROVIDER-LAST-NAME><PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME>DoctorAFirstname</PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME><PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>DoctorAMiddleName</PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME></PROVIDER-DTL>
      <PATIENT><PATIENT-DTL><PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER>PatientANumber1234</PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER><PATIENT-LAST-NAME>PatientALastname</PATIENT-LAST-NAME><PATIENT-FIRST-NAME>PatientAFirstname</PATIENT-FIRST-NAME><PATIENT-BIRTHDATE>1941-02-11</PATIENT-BIRTHDATE><PATIENT-SEX>M</PATIENT-SEX></PATIENT-DTL>
        <SERVICE-DTL1><SERVICE-LOC> </SERVICE-LOC><SERVICE-DATE>PatientAServiceDate2020-09-07</SERVICE-DATE><SERVICE-CODE>PatientAServiceCodeABC1</SERVICE-CODE><SERVICE-DESCRIPTION>PatientAServiceDescription-Facelift</SERVICE-DESCRIPTION><SERVICE-AMT>PatientAServiceAmount8.90</SERVICE-AMT></SERVICE-DTL1>
      </PATIENT>
      <PATIENT><PATIENT-DTL><PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER>PatientBNumber1235</PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER><PATIENT-LAST-NAME>PatientBLastname</PATIENT-LAST-NAME><PATIENT-FIRST-NAME>PatientBFirstname</PATIENT-FIRST-NAME><PATIENT-BIRTHDATE>1955-10-11</PATIENT-BIRTHDATE><PATIENT-SEX>F</PATIENT-SEX></PATIENT-DTL>
        <SERVICE-DTL1><SERVICE-LOC> </SERVICE-LOC><SERVICE-DATE>PatientBServiceDate2020-12-08</SERVICE-DATE><SERVICE-CODE>PatientBServiceCodeABC2</SERVICE-CODE><SERVICE-DESCRIPTION>PatientBServiceDescription-Checkup</SERVICE-DESCRIPTION><SERVICE-AMT>PatientBServiceAmount10.50</SERVICE-AMT></SERVICE-DTL1>
      </PATIENT>
      <PATIENT><PATIENT-DTL><PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER>PatientCNumber1236</PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER><PATIENT-LAST-NAME>PatientCLastname</PATIENT-LAST-NAME><PATIENT-FIRST-NAME>PatientCFirstname</PATIENT-FIRST-NAME><PATIENT-BIRTHDATE>1965-02-07</PATIENT-BIRTHDATE><PATIENT-SEX>F</PATIENT-SEX></PATIENT-DTL>
        <SERVICE-DTL1><SERVICE-LOC> </SERVICE-LOC><SERVICE-DATE>PatientCServiceDate2020-11-11</SERVICE-DATE><SERVICE-CODE>PatientCServiceCodeABC3</SERVICE-CODE><SERVICE-DESCRIPTION>PatientCServiceDescription-X-Ray</SERVICE-DESCRIPTION><SERVICE-AMT>PatientCServiceAmount18.00</SERVICE-AMT></SERVICE-DTL1>
      </PATIENT>
      <PATIENT><PATIENT-DTL><PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER>PatientDNumber1237</PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER><PATIENT-LAST-NAME>PatientDLastname</PATIENT-LAST-NAME><PATIENT-FIRST-NAME>PatientDFirstname</PATIENT-FIRST-NAME><PATIENT-BIRTHDATE>1975-07-09</PATIENT-BIRTHDATE><PATIENT-SEX>M</PATIENT-SEX></PATIENT-DTL>
        <SERVICE-DTL1><SERVICE-LOC> </SERVICE-LOC><SERVICE-DATE>PatientDServiceDate2020-01-10</SERVICE-DATE><SERVICE-CODE>PatientDServiceCodeABC4</SERVICE-CODE><SERVICE-DESCRIPTION>PatientDServiceDescription-Nose Cleaning</SERVICE-DESCRIPTION><SERVICE-AMT>PatientDServiceAmount6.00</SERVICE-AMT></SERVICE-DTL1>
      </PATIENT>
    </PROVIDER>
  </GROUP>
</REPORT>

注意代码的层次结构。所有的 PATIENT 数据“属于”父 PROVIDER 节点。每个程序“属于”取代它的患者。XML 代码描述了 这4 个相互关联的表。

我的数据库软件无法从 XML 文件中导入这些相互关联的表——我的数据库应用程序无法遵循代码的层次结构。

相反，如果数据被“展平”，我可以导入数据，并且相关节点被“解包”（并复制）。这是我希望我的扁平表在导入时的样子。是的，它有很多冗余——这个新表的前 12 列对于每条记录都是相同的。（没关系，我可以稍后消除冗余；此时，我只想读入所有数据。）

以下是生成上图中的展平表的 XML 代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<REPORT>
    <ImportedTable>
<REPORT-ID>PCRP60R1-C</REPORT-ID><REPORT-DATE>2020-10-01</REPORT-DATE><REPORT-NAME>OUTSIDE USE REPORT (PATIENTS WITH SIGNED CONSENT)</REPORT-NAME><REPORT-PERIOD-START>2020-09-01</REPORT-PERIOD-START><REPORT-PERIOD-END>2020-09-30</REPORT-PERIOD-END>
  <GROUP-ID>DoctorAGroup1234</GROUP-ID><GROUP-TYPE>HOSP</GROUP-TYPE><GROUP-NAME>COUNTY HOSP</GROUP-NAME>
<PROVIDER-NUMBER>DoctorAID1234</PROVIDER-NUMBER><PROVIDER-LAST-NAME>DoctorALastname</PROVIDER-LAST-NAME><PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME>DoctorAFirstname</PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME><PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>DoctorAMiddleName</PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>
<PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER>PatientANumber1234</PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER><PATIENT-LAST-NAME>PatientALastname</PATIENT-LAST-NAME><PATIENT-FIRST-NAME>PatientAFirstname</PATIENT-FIRST-NAME><PATIENT-BIRTHDATE>1941-02-11</PATIENT-BIRTHDATE><PATIENT-SEX>M</PATIENT-SEX>
        <SERVICE-LOC> </SERVICE-LOC><SERVICE-DATE>PatientAServiceDate2020-09-07</SERVICE-DATE><SERVICE-CODE>PatientAServiceCodeABC1</SERVICE-CODE><SERVICE-DESCRIPTION>PatientAServiceDescription-Facelift</SERVICE-DESCRIPTION><SERVICE-AMT>PatientAServiceAmount8.90</SERVICE-AMT>
    </ImportedTable>

    <ImportedTable>
<REPORT-ID>PCRP60R1-C</REPORT-ID><REPORT-DATE>2020-10-01</REPORT-DATE><REPORT-NAME>OUTSIDE USE REPORT (PATIENTS WITH SIGNED CONSENT)</REPORT-NAME><REPORT-PERIOD-START>2020-09-01</REPORT-PERIOD-START><REPORT-PERIOD-END>2020-09-30</REPORT-PERIOD-END>
  <GROUP-ID>DoctorAGroup1234</GROUP-ID><GROUP-TYPE>HOSP</GROUP-TYPE><GROUP-NAME>COUNTY HOSP</GROUP-NAME>
<PROVIDER-NUMBER>DoctorAID1234</PROVIDER-NUMBER><PROVIDER-LAST-NAME>DoctorALastname</PROVIDER-LAST-NAME><PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME>DoctorAFirstname</PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME><PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>DoctorAMiddleName</PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>
<PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER>PatientBNumber1235</PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER><PATIENT-LAST-NAME>PatientBLastname</PATIENT-LAST-NAME><PATIENT-FIRST-NAME>PatientBFirstname</PATIENT-FIRST-NAME><PATIENT-BIRTHDATE>1955-10-11</PATIENT-BIRTHDATE><PATIENT-SEX>F</PATIENT-SEX>
        <SERVICE-LOC> </SERVICE-LOC><SERVICE-DATE>PatientBServiceDate2020-12-08</SERVICE-DATE><SERVICE-CODE>PatientBServiceCodeABC2</SERVICE-CODE><SERVICE-DESCRIPTION>PatientBServiceDescription-Checkup</SERVICE-DESCRIPTION><SERVICE-AMT>PatientBServiceAmount10.50</SERVICE-AMT>
    </ImportedTable>

    <ImportedTable>
<REPORT-ID>PCRP60R1-C</REPORT-ID><REPORT-DATE>2020-10-01</REPORT-DATE><REPORT-NAME>OUTSIDE USE REPORT (PATIENTS WITH SIGNED CONSENT)</REPORT-NAME><REPORT-PERIOD-START>2020-09-01</REPORT-PERIOD-START><REPORT-PERIOD-END>2020-09-30</REPORT-PERIOD-END>
<GROUP-ID>DoctorAGroup1234</GROUP-ID><GROUP-TYPE>HOSP</GROUP-TYPE><GROUP-NAME>COUNTY HOSP</GROUP-NAME>
    <PROVIDER-NUMBER>DoctorAID1234</PROVIDER-NUMBER><PROVIDER-LAST-NAME>DoctorALastname</PROVIDER-LAST-NAME><PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME>DoctorAFirstname</PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME><PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>DoctorAMiddleName</PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>
      <PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER>PatientCNumber1236</PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER><PATIENT-LAST-NAME>PatientCLastname</PATIENT-LAST-NAME><PATIENT-FIRST-NAME>PatientCFirstname</PATIENT-FIRST-NAME><PATIENT-BIRTHDATE>1965-02-07</PATIENT-BIRTHDATE><PATIENT-SEX>F</PATIENT-SEX>
        <SERVICE-LOC> </SERVICE-LOC><SERVICE-DATE>PatientCServiceDate2020-11-11</SERVICE-DATE><SERVICE-CODE>PatientCServiceCodeABC3</SERVICE-CODE><SERVICE-DESCRIPTION>PatientCServiceDescription-X-Ray</SERVICE-DESCRIPTION><SERVICE-AMT>PatientCServiceAmount18.00</SERVICE-AMT>
    </ImportedTable>

    <ImportedTable>
<REPORT-ID>PCRP60R1-C</REPORT-ID><REPORT-DATE>2020-10-01</REPORT-DATE><REPORT-NAME>OUTSIDE USE REPORT (PATIENTS WITH SIGNED CONSENT)</REPORT-NAME><REPORT-PERIOD-START>2020-09-01</REPORT-PERIOD-START><REPORT-PERIOD-END>2020-09-30</REPORT-PERIOD-END>
<GROUP-ID>DoctorAGroup1234</GROUP-ID><GROUP-TYPE>HOSP</GROUP-TYPE><GROUP-NAME>COUNTY HOSP</GROUP-NAME>
    <PROVIDER-NUMBER>DoctorAID1234</PROVIDER-NUMBER><PROVIDER-LAST-NAME>DoctorALastname</PROVIDER-LAST-NAME><PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME>DoctorAFirstname</PROVIDER-FIRST-NAME><PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>DoctorAMiddleName</PROVIDER-MIDDLE-NAME>
      <PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER>PatientDNumber1237</PATIENT-HEALTH-NUMBER><PATIENT-LAST-NAME>PatientDLastname</PATIENT-LAST-NAME><PATIENT-FIRST-NAME>PatientDFirstname</PATIENT-FIRST-NAME><PATIENT-BIRTHDATE>1975-07-09</PATIENT-BIRTHDATE><PATIENT-SEX>M</PATIENT-SEX>
     <SERVICE-LOC> </SERVICE-LOC><SERVICE-DATE>PatientDServiceDate2020-01-10</SERVICE-DATE><SERVICE-CODE>PatientDServiceCodeABC4</SERVICE-CODE><SERVICE-DESCRIPTION>PatientDServiceDescription-Nose Cleaning</SERVICE-DESCRIPTION><SERVICE-AMT>PatientDServiceAmount6.00</SERVICE-AMT>
    </ImportedTable>
</REPORT>

所以，我的问题是 XSLT 是否可以从顶部的 XML 文件转换为底部的文件。请注意，在转换后的 XML 文件中，我只对保留包含文本的节点感兴趣。（原始文件中的任何非文本节点都可以在此转换中安全地忽略。）是否有代码可以进行此转换？（注意：我一直在阅读一些处理 XML 转换的线程，但由于该数据集的关系结构，这种情况并不常见。如果此问题已在其他地方得到解答，请告诉我！）

非常感谢，

罗恩

标签： xmldomxslttransformrelational

解决方案

扁平化分层 XML 是一项常见任务。您只需为最原子表中的每条记录创建一个元素，并包含其父表中的数据。碰巧的是，您的示例 XML 输入的结构使这变得非常容易：

XSLT 1.0

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" 
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes"/>
<xsl:strip-space elements="*"/>

<xsl:template match="/REPORT">
    <xsl:copy>
        <xsl:variable name="report-data" select="REPORT-DTL/*" />
        <xsl:for-each select="GROUP">
            <xsl:variable name="group-data" select="GROUP-DTL/*" />
            <xsl:for-each select="PROVIDER">
                <xsl:variable name="provider-data" select="PROVIDER-DTL/*" />
                <xsl:for-each select="PATIENT">
                    <ImportedTable>
                        <xsl:copy-of select="$report-data"/>
                        <xsl:copy-of select="$group-data"/>
                        <xsl:copy-of select="$provider-data"/>
                        <xsl:copy-of select="PATIENT-DTL/*"/>
                        <xsl:copy-of select="SERVICE-DTL1/*"/>
                    </ImportedTable>
                </xsl:for-each>
            </xsl:for-each>
        </xsl:for-each>
    </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

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