python - 第一次调用后的变量丢失

Question

所以我正在尝试编写一个基于 UI 的 AK47 纸牌游戏，但我不能看在上帝的份上，为什么它让我选择第一轮，然后取消定义变量。我很茫然。我想我可能在 Draw Class 中定义了一些错误，因为这是构成大部分动作的原因，但是我添加了 print("") 所谓的调试消息，它表明相应的卡片在那里并且变量在它完成最后的动作之后才存在。

import time
import random
import tkinter as tk
suit = ["Club","Heart","Diamond","Spade"]
numb = ["A","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","J","Q","K"]
junkHand = []
data = "true"

#The inital Drawing of 4 cards.
class drawCard:
    def __init__(self):
        self.cardnr = []
        self.Hand = []
        self.card = []
        #looping until The ai and Player both have 4 cards.
        while(len(self.Hand) <= 3):
            self.cards = random.choice(suit)
            self.cardn = random.choice(numb)
            self.card = self.cards+" "+self.cardn

            if(self.card in self.Hand):
                #putind already drawn cards into the bad pile
                junkHand.append(self.card)
            else:
                junkHand.append(self.card)
                #appending the numbers of cards to card number Array.
                self.cardnr.append(self.cardn)
                #appending the cards to the hand Array.
                self.Hand.append(self.card)

playerHand = drawCard()
AIHand = drawCard()

#Discardng a useless card and drawing a new card.
class Draw:
    def __init__(self, choiceP, pHand, cardnr, data):
        self.card = []
        print(pHand)
        #poping out the chosen card.
        pHand.pop(int(choiceP)-1)
        cardnr.pop(int(choiceP)-1)

        while(len(pHand) <= 3):
            #generating a new card
            self.cards = random.choice(suit)
            self.cardn = random.choice(numb)
            #combining them
            self.card = self.cards+" "+self.cardn
            #Testing the cards
            if(self.card in junkHand):
                junkHand.append(self.card)
            else:
                junkHand.append(self.card)
                cardnr.append(self.cardn)
                pHand.append(self.card)
                print(pHand)
                
        #testing if the AI or Player moved.
        if(data == "false"):
            hand1Draw['file'] = 'data\\gif\\'+str(playerHand.Hand[0])+'.gif'
            hand2Draw['file'] = 'data\\gif\\'+str(playerHand.Hand[1])+'.gif'
            hand3Draw['file'] = 'data\\gif\\'+str(playerHand.Hand[2])+'.gif'
            hand4Draw['file'] = 'data\\gif\\'+str(playerHand.Hand[3])+'.gif'
            GameP2()
        elif(data == "true"):
            AIDraw()

def AIDraw():
    global numb, AIHand, data
    AISmort = []
    print(AISmort)

    #testing if the AIHand has any neccesary cards from AK47.
    if(numb[0] in AIHand.cardnr):
        AISmort.append(AIHand.cardnr.index(numb[0])+1)
    if(numb[3] in AIHand.cardnr):
        AISmort.append(AIHand.cardnr.index(numb[3])+1)
    if(numb[6] in AIHand.cardnr):
        AISmort.append(AIHand.cardnr.index(numb[6])+1)
    if(numb[12] in AIHand.cardnr):
        AISmort.append(AIHand.cardnr.index(numb[12])+1)

    rndChoiceAI = random.randint(1,4)
    if(rndChoiceAI in AISmort):
        print(AISmort)
        AIDraw()
    else:
        AISmort.clear()
        data = "false"
        AIHand = Draw(rndChoiceAI, AIHand.Hand, AIHand.cardnr, data)

def GameP2():
    global playerHand
    print("gameP2")
    print(playerHand.Hand)
    if(numb[0] in playerHand.cardnr):
        if(numb[3] in playerHand.cardnr):
            if(numb[6] in playerHand.cardnr):
                if(numb[12] in playerHand.cardnr):
                    print("you won the game :)")
                    time.sleep(10)
                    execfile('main.py')
                else: pass
            else: pass
        else: pass
    else: pass

    if(numb[0] in AIHand.cardnr):
        if(numb[3] in AIHand.cardnr):
            if(numb[6] in AIHand.cardnr):
                if(numb[12] in AIHand.cardnr):
                    print("you lost the game :(")
                    time.sleep(10)
                    execfile('main.py')
                else: pass
            else: pass
        else: pass
    else: print(playerHand.Hand)

def C1():
    global playerHand
    data = "true"
    choiceP = 1
    playerHand = Draw(choiceP, playerHand.Hand, playerHand.cardnr, data)
def C2():
    global playerHand
    data = "true"
    choiceP = 2
    playerHand = Draw(choiceP, playerHand.Hand, playerHand.cardnr, data)
def C3():
    global playerHand
    data = "true"
    choiceP = 3
    playerHand = Draw(choiceP, playerHand.Hand, playerHand.cardnr, data)
def C4():
    global playerHand
    data = "true"
    choiceP = 4
    playerHand = Draw(choiceP, playerHand.Hand, playerHand.cardnr, data)

cHeight = 768
cWidth = 1366

root = tk.Tk()
root.resizable(False, False)
root.title("Carlos' AK47")
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, height=cHeight, width=cWidth)
canvas.pack()

TopFrame = tk.Frame(root, bg='#252525')
TopFrame.place(relwidth=1, relheight=0.05)

tableFrame = tk.Frame(root, bg='#639D5E')
tableFrame.place(rely=0.05, relwidth=1, relheight=0.95)

hand1Draw = tk.PhotoImage(file='data\\gif\\'+str(playerHand.Hand[0])+'.gif', master=tableFrame)
hand1Button = tk.Button(tableFrame, image=hand1Draw, relief='flat',command=C1)
hand1Button.place(relwidth=0.14, relheight=0.4, relx=0.2, rely=0.65)

hand2Draw = tk.PhotoImage(file='data\\gif\\'+str(playerHand.Hand[1])+'.gif', master=tableFrame)
hand2Button = tk.Button(tableFrame, image=hand2Draw, relief='flat',command=C2)
hand2Button.place(relwidth=0.14, relheight=0.4, relx=0.34, rely=0.65)

hand3Draw = tk.PhotoImage(file='data\\gif\\'+str(playerHand.Hand[2])+'.gif', master=tableFrame)
hand3Button = tk.Button(tableFrame, image=hand3Draw, relief='flat',command=C3)
hand3Button.place(relwidth=0.14, relheight=0.4, relx=0.48, rely=0.65)

hand4Draw = tk.PhotoImage(file='data\\gif\\'+str(playerHand.Hand[3])+'.gif', master=tableFrame)
hand4Button = tk.Button(tableFrame, image=hand4Draw, relief='flat',command=C4)
hand4Button.place(relwidth=0.14, relheight=0.4, relx=0.62, rely=0.65)

root.mainloop()

它在没有 UI 的情况下完美运行，但是一旦我添加了 UI。它引发了很多错误，其中大部分是我修复的，但它们带来了新的错误。即 cussent 的。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Predator Backuo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1892, in __call__  
    return self.func(*args)
  File "c:\Users\Predator Backuo\Desktop\TLN Documents\Code\AK47\ak47.py", line 132, in C2
    playerHand = Draw(choiceP, playerHand.Hand, playerHand.cardnr, data)
AttributeError: 'Draw' object has no attribute 'Hand'        
PS C:\Users\Predator Backuo\Desktop\TLN Documents\Code\AK47> 

谁能告诉我我做错了什么？我不是最擅长python，我只是出于爱好。

标签： pythonpython-3.xtkinter

Answer 1

At first you are assigning a drawCard object to playerHand = drawCard(), which does contain a Hand attribute (line 13):

#The inital Drawing of 4 cards.
class drawCard:
    def __init__(self):
        self.cardnr = []
        self.Hand = [] <--- the Hand attribute
        self.card = []
...

playerHand = drawCard() <-- add instance of this class to playerHand

But later on in the code (see your C functions), you are overwriting the playerHand variable with a Draw instance, which doesn't contain an attribute "Hand":

def C1():
    global playerHand
    data = "true"
    choiceP = 1
    playerHand = Draw(choiceP, playerHand.Hand, playerHand.cardnr, data) <-- add instance of another class to playerHand variable