c# - HttpWebRequest 登录 - 在浏览器上启用 cookie
问题描述
几天以来，我一直在尝试使用 HttpWebRequest 登录网页。我已经完成了这样的项目，但我被这个项目困住了。
我知道服务器可能需要一些 cookie 来处理请求，所以我创建了一个 CookieContainer。这是我的要求：
Public Function Login(ByVal loginPageAddress As String, ByVal loginData As NameValueCollection) As LoginStatus
Dim container As CookieContainer = New CookieContainer
Dim response As HttpWebResponse = Nothing
Dim retval As LoginStatus = LoginStatus.NetworkError
Try
Dim request = CType(WebRequest.Create(loginPageAddress), HttpWebRequest)
request.Method = "POST"
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.77 Safari/537.36"
Dim query = String.Join("&", loginData.Cast(Of String)().[Select](Function(key) $"{key}={loginData(key)}"))
Dim buffer = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(query)
request.ContentLength = buffer.Length
Dim requestStream = request.GetRequestStream()
requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)
requestStream.Close()
request.CookieContainer = New CookieContainer()
container = request.CookieContainer
response = request.GetResponse()
Dim html As String = ""
Using reader As New System.IO.StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream())
html = reader.ReadToEnd()
End Using
Debug.Print(html)
If html.Contains("Reports") Then
retval = LoginStatus.OK
Else
retval = LoginStatus.CrendialsError
End If
response.Close()
Catch ex As Exception
If Not response Is Nothing Then
response.Close()
End If
retval = LoginStatus.NetworkError
End Try
CookieContainer = container
Return retval
End Function
我没有运气，因为服务器响应“身份验证失败，请启用 cookie”
所以我想添加一个先前的请求来获取？cookie？。这样
Public Function Login(ByVal loginPageAddress As String, ByVal loginData As NameValueCollection) As LoginStatus
Dim container As CookieContainer = New CookieContainer
Dim response As HttpWebResponse = Nothing
Dim retval As LoginStatus = LoginStatus.NetworkError
Try
'First request to get the cookies
Dim requestCookies = CType(WebRequest.Create(loginPageAddress), HttpWebRequest)
requestCookies.Method = "POST"
requestCookies.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
requestCookies.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.77 Safari/537.36"
Dim queryCookies = String.Join("&", loginData.Cast(Of String)().[Select](Function(key) $"{key}={loginData(key)}"))
Dim bufferCookies = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(queryCookies)
requestCookies.ContentLength = bufferCookies.Length
Dim requestStreamCookies = requestCookies.GetRequestStream()
requestStreamCookies.Write(bufferCookies, 0, bufferCookies.Length)
requestStreamCookies.Close()
requestCookies.CookieContainer = New CookieContainer()
I tried to add this as well 'CookieContainer.Add(New Cookie("COOKIE_SUPPORT", "True"))
container = requestCookies.CookieContainer
response = requestCookies.GetResponse()
Debug.Print("OK")
'Login requests
Dim request = CType(WebRequest.Create(loginPageAddress), HttpWebRequest)
request.Method = "POST"
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.77 Safari/537.36"
Dim query = String.Join("&", loginData.Cast(Of String)().[Select](Function(key) $"{key}={loginData(key)}"))
Dim buffer = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(query)
request.ContentLength = buffer.Length
Dim requestStream = request.GetRequestStream()
requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)
requestStream.Close()
request.CookieContainer = CookieContainer
container = request.CookieContainer
response = request.GetResponse()
Dim html As String = ""
Using reader As New System.IO.StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream())
html = reader.ReadToEnd()
End Using
Debug.Print(html)
If html.Contains("reports") Then
retval = LoginStatus.OK
Else
retval = LoginStatus.CrendialsError
End If
response.Close()
Catch ex As Exception
If Not response Is Nothing Then
response.Close()
End If
retval = LoginStatus.NetworkError
End Try
CookieContainer = container
Return retval
End Function
我用这个调用函数登录：
Public Function LoginWebsite() As String
Dim retval As String = ""
Dim loginAddress = "https://www.***********.com/home?p_auth=Fhc1hN0t&p_p_id=58&p_p_lifecycle=1&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=column-2&p_p_col_count=1&saveLastPath=0&_58_struts_action=%2Flogin%2Flogin&_58_doActionAfterLogin=false"
Dim loginData = New NameValueCollection From {
{"_58_formDate", "1628523872372"},
{"_58_redirect", ""},
{"_58_login", "*******"},
{"_58_password", "*******!"}
}
masterWebclient = New CookieAwareWebClient()
Dim reply = masterWebclient.Login(loginAddress, loginData)
If reply = LoginStatus.OK Then
retval = "Logged In"
isLoggedIn = True
ElseIf reply = LoginStatus.CrendialsError Then
retval = "User or password wrong"
Else
retval = "Network error"
End If
Return retval
End Function
我所做的每一次尝试都是消极的。这是请求的标头。
Accept: text/html, application/xhtml+xml, image/jxr, */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: en-US, en; q=0.8, es-ES; q=0.7, es; q=0.5, it-IT; q=0.3, it; q=0.2
Cache-Control: no-cache
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Length: 89
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Cookie: NO_SPLASH_PUBLIC_SCREEN=true; JSESSIONID=98466D3D3A9259BDEBE8A294EA870CDC.GESPBEPSP02; COOKIE_SUPPORT=true; GUEST_LANGUAGE_ID=**; OptanonConsent=isIABGlobal=false&datestamp=Mon+Aug+09+2021+19%3A46%3A49+GMT%2B0100+(GMT+Daylight+Time)&version=6.16.0&consentId=fe6ac8d3-11a8-44d7-b7ae-23f47443f131&interactionCount=1&landingPath=NotLandingPage&groups=C0001%3A1%2CC0002%3A1%2CC0004%3A1&hosts=H110%3A1%2CH107%3A1%2CH1%3A1%2CH4%3A1%2CH10%3A1%2CH12%3A1; OptanonAlertBoxClosed=2021-08-09T18:46:49.040Z
Host: ******
Referer: https://*******/home?p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&saveLastPath=0&_58_struts_action=%2Flogin%2Flogin&p_p_id=58&p_p_lifecycle=0&_58_redirect=%2F
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299
这是表单数据：
_58_formDate: 1628524646492
_58_redirect:
_58_login: *****
_58_password: ******
我真的被困在这几天了，如果有人能告诉我我做错了什么，请。
编辑：我试图以这种方式添加请求 cookie，但没有运气。
Dim target As Uri = New Uri("https://********")
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("NO_SPLASH_PUBLIC_SCREEN", "true"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("LFR_SESSION_STATE_1282678", "1628523959195"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("COOKIE_SUPPORT", "true"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("GUEST_LANGUAGE_ID", "it_IT"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("REMOTE_USER", "******"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("PORTLET_LIFERAY", "TRUE"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("NO_SPLASH_PRIVATE_SCREEN", "TRUE"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("_gid", "GA1.2.1056978425.1628437222"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("USER_UUID", "1crDatGEA9ueMkAYIKWtS8plWx72oazquLs3l9uCEEU"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("TICKET", "17387333"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("LFR_SESSION_STATE_1282678", "1628523959198"))
request.CookieContainer.Add(target, New Cookie("JSESSIONID", "JSESSIONID=662DD1C24C7A41994F00DFAB7B91F9BD.GESPBEPSP01"))
编辑2：
正如建议的那样，我尝试使用基本身份验证。不工作，但可能我在代码上犯了一个错误。
Dim request = CType(WebRequest.Create(loginPageAddress), HttpWebRequest)
request.Method = "POST"
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
Dim cred As New System.Net.NetworkCredential("*******", "*****","domain") 'where domain si may domain.
request.Credentials = cred
request.CookieContainer = New CookieContainer()
response = request.GetResponse()
解决方案
我认为，您尝试登录 Web 界面，但没有登录 API。所以这个服务器只是在另一个网页的某个地方发送cookie。在浏览器中查看正确的 Web 请求。
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