sql-server - 从 Excel 在 SQL Server 数据库中运行 SQL 脚本（在 Excel 中预先生成）

Question

我生成了一个包含两个字段的 Excel 报告，ETA (Col H) 和供应商发票编号(Col I)。

电子表格用完了数据，我的客户只需要在这两个字段中进行更改。然后在 Col J 中，我有一个 Excel 字符串公式，它结合了各个字段，并创建了所需的 SQL 脚本。

目前，我的客户端从 Col J 复制所有文本，并将其粘贴到 SQL Server Management Studio 中，然后运行查询，从而更新 SQL 表。很简单。

但是，我想避免我的客户不得不在 SQL Server 中运行这些脚本。相反，我正在寻找建议或方法，他们可以从 Excel 中单击一个按钮，然后自动复制 Col J 并在 SQL Server 中运行，所有这些都来自 Excel（可能带有一个按钮，带有某种形式的宏）。

这可能吗？

下面是 Excel 报告的屏幕截图，显示在 col J 中自动生成的 SQL 查询。

请帮助我在 Excel 中构建此功能，也许是通过 VBA？

我希望我已经正确解释了我的要求？

谢谢！

标签： sql-serverexcelvba

Answer 1

您可以创建一个文本文件并使用命令行实用程序 SQLCMD 运行查询，或者使用 ADODB 连接。

Option Explicit
Sub test()

    Const METHOD = 1 '1=cmdsql 2=ADODB
    Const SERVER = "test\sqlexpress"
    Const DATABASE = "test"

    Dim fso As Object, ts As Object, ar
    Dim ws As Worksheet
    Dim iLastRow As Long, i As Long
    Dim sql As String, timestamp As String
    Dim Folder As String, SQLfile As String, LOGfile As String
    Dim t0 As String: t0 = Timer

    ' query file and log filenames
    timestamp = Format(Now, "YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS")
    Folder = ThisWorkbook.Path & "\"
    SQLfile = timestamp & ".sql"
    LOGfile = timestamp & ".log"

    Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
  
    ' read data from sheet into array to build sql file
    Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Sheet1")
    iLastRow = ws.Cells(Rows.Count, "J").End(xlUp).Row
    If iLastRow = 1 Then
        MsgBox "No data in Column J", vbCritical
        Exit Sub
    End If
    ar = ws.Range("J2").Resize(iLastRow - 1).Value2

    ' connect to server and run query
    If METHOD = 1 Then ' SQLCMD

        ' create sql file
        Set ts = fso.CreateTextFile(SQLfile)
        For i = 1 To UBound(ar)
            sql = sql & ar(i, 1) & vbCr
        Next
        ts.write sql
        ts.Close
        
        ' execute sql using slqcmd
        Dim wsh As Object, sCommandToRun As String
        Set wsh = VBA.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
    
        LOGfile = timestamp & ".log"
        sCommandToRun = "sqlcmd -S " & SERVER & " -d " & DATABASE & _
                       " -i " & Folder & SQLfile & _
                       " -o " & Folder & LOGfile
            
        wsh.Run sCommandToRun, 1, 1
        MsgBox "See CMDSQL log file " & LOGfile, vbInformation, Format(Timer - t0, "0.0 secs")

    ElseIf METHOD = 2 Then 'ADODB
 
        Dim sConn As String, conn, cmd, n As Long
        sConn = "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Server=" & SERVER & _
                ";Initial Catalog=" & DATABASE & _
                ";Trusted_Connection=yes;"
    
        ' open log file
        Set ts = fso.CreateTextFile(LOGfile)

        ' make connection
        Set conn = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")
        conn.Open sConn
    
        ' execute sql statements
        Set cmd = CreateObject("ADODB.Command")
        With cmd
            .ActiveConnection = conn
            For i = 1 To UBound(ar)
                ts.writeLine ar(i, 1)
                .CommandText = ar(i, 1)
                .Execute
            Next
        End With
        ts.Close
        conn.Close
        MsgBox UBound(ar) & " SQL queries completed (ADODB)", vbInformation, Format(Timer - t0, "0.0 secs")

    End If
End Sub