c++ - 为什么在 OpenGL 中使用纹理会破坏我的其他对象？
问题描述
我正在使用 C++、OpenGL 和 Freeglut 在 Windows 中编写一个程序，以学习如何使用它。我编写的代码工作如下：
#define GLEW_STATIC
#include <iostream>
#include <GL/glew.h>;
#include <freeglut.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "fstream"
#include <algorithm>
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>;
#include <chrono>
GLint partColorUniformLocation;
GLint bufferColorUniformLocation;
GLint vpMatrixUniformLocation;
GLint shows;
float radi = 5.0f;
float angx = 0.30;
float angy = 4.60;
float camX = -cos(angx) * sin(angy) * radi;
float camY = -cos(angx) * cos(angy) * radi;
float camZ = sin(angx) * radi;
float zoom = 5.0f;
float ww0;
float ww1;
float wh0;
float wh1;
float menubar;
float menur = 400;
using namespace std;
using glm::vec3;
using glm::vec4;
using glm::mat3;
using glm::mat4;
mat4 PV;
vector <mat3> Model;
mat3 World = mat3(1.0f);
vec3 UP(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
HWND hWnd;
HINSTANCE hInst;
float ww;
float wh;
int ln0 = 1280;
int shaderProgram;
unsigned int VBO;
GLuint boxID;
unsigned int VCOx;
unsigned int VCOy;
unsigned int VCOz;
GLuint coordxID;
GLuint coordyID;
GLuint coordzID;
unsigned int VTO;
GLuint ptexID;
GLuint texID;
unsigned int VTO2;
GLuint rptexID;
GLuint rtexID;
vector <char> b;
vector <unsigned char> bu;
GLuint texture0;
GLint mW;
void GetDesktopResolution(int& ww, int& wh);
void getDesktop();
void box();
void coord();
void reshape(int ww, int wh);
void display(void);
void texturemenu();
void bmpsread();
void maketexture0(int tw, int th);
void mouseButton(int button, int state, int x, int y);
void mouseMove(int x, int y);
void installShader();
const char* vertexShaderSource =
"#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;\n"
"layout (location = 1) in vec3 inNormal;\n"
"layout (location = 2) in vec3 inColor;\n"
"layout (location = 3) in vec2 tex;\n"
"uniform mat4 VP;\n"
"out vec3 outColor;\n"
"out vec3 Normal;\n"
"out vec2 outTex;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
" vec4 v = vec4(position, 1.0);\n"
" gl_Position = VP * v;\n"
" outColor = inColor;\n"
" Normal = inNormal;\n"
" outTex = tex;\n"
"}\0";
const char* fragmentShaderSource =
"#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 color;\n"
"in vec3 outColor;\n"
"in vec3 Normal;\n"
"in vec2 outTex;\n"
"uniform int shows;\n"
"uniform sampler2D texture0;\n"
"uniform vec3 partColor;"
"uniform vec3 bufferColor;"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
" if (shows == 0) \n"
" {\n"
" color = vec4(bufferColor/255.0, 1.0);\n"
" }\n"
" else if (shows == 1)\n"
" {\n"
" color = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n"
" }\n"
" else if (shows == 2)\n"
" {\n"
" color = vec4(partColor, 1.0);\n"
" }\n"
" else if (shows == 3)\n"
" {\n"
" color = texture(texture0, outTex);\n"
" }\n"
"}\n\0";
void GetDesktopResolution(float& ww, float& wh) {
RECT desktop;
const HWND hDesktop = GetDesktopWindow();
GetWindowRect(hDesktop, &desktop);
ww = desktop.right;
wh = desktop.bottom;
}
void getDesktop() {
wh = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT);
ww = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH);
menubar = 35;
ww0 = -(ww - menur) / 10.0f;
ww1 = (ww - menur) / 10.0f;
wh0 = -(wh - menubar) / 10.0f + 30;
wh1 = (wh - menubar) / 10.0f + 30;
zoom = 0.2f;
}
void box() {
vector <float> box;
box.resize(72);
box = {
-10.0f, -10.0f, 20.0f,
10.0f, -10.0f, 20.0f,
10.0f, -10.0f, 20.0f,
10.0f, 10.0f, 20.0f,
10.0f, 10.0f, 20.0f,
-10.0f, 10.0f, 20.0f,
-10.0f, 10.0f, 20.0f,
-10.0f, -10.0f, 20.0f,
-10.0f, -10.0f, 0.0f,
10.0f, -10.0f, 0.0f,
10.0f, -10.0f, 0.0f,
10.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f,
10.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f,
-10.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f,
-10.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f,
-10.0f, -10.0f, 0.0f,
-10.0f, -10.0f, 20.0f,
-10.0f, -10.0f, 0.0f,
10.0f, -10.0f, 20.0f,
10.0f, -10.0f, 0.0f,
10.0f, 10.0f, 20.0f,
10.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f,
-10.0f, 10.0f, 20.0f,
-10.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f
};
glGenBuffers(1, &boxID);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, boxID);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, box.size() * sizeof(float), box.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
box.clear();
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VBO);
glBindVertexArray(VBO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, boxID);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
void coord() {
vector <float> coordx(6);
coordx = {
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
10.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f
};
vector <float> coordy(6);
coordy = {
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f
};
vector <float> coordz(6);
coordz = {
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f
};
glGenBuffers(1, &coordxID);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordxID);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordx.size() * sizeof(float), coordx.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
coordx.clear();
glGenBuffers(1, &coordyID);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordyID);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordy.size() * sizeof(float), coordy.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
coordy.clear();
glGenBuffers(1, &coordzID);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordzID);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordz.size() * sizeof(float), coordz.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
coordz.clear();
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VCOx);
glBindVertexArray(VCOx);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordxID);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VCOy);
glBindVertexArray(VCOy);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordyID);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VCOz);
glBindVertexArray(VCOz);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordzID);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
void reshape(int ww, int wh) {
getDesktop();
glClearColor(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
partColorUniformLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "partColor");
bufferColorUniformLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "bufferColor");
vpMatrixUniformLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "VP");
shows = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "shows");
}
void display(void) {
glClearColor(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glViewport(0, 0, ww - menur, wh - menubar);
glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
glCullFace(GL_FRONT);
glFrontFace(GL_CW);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
mat4 Projection = glm::ortho(ww0, ww1, wh0, wh1, -1000.0f, 1000.0f); //left, right, bottom, top, zNear, zFar
mat4 View = glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(camX, camY, camZ), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), UP);
mat4 VP = Projection * View;
vec3 partColor;
glUniformMatrix4fv(vpMatrixUniformLocation, 1, GL_FALSE, &VP[0][0]);
glUniform1i(shows, 2);
glLineWidth(2);
glBindVertexArray(VCOx); // Coordx
partColor = vec3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glUniform3fv(partColorUniformLocation, 1, &partColor[0]);
glDrawArrays(GL_LINES, 0, 2);
glBindVertexArray(VCOy); // Coordy
partColor = vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glUniform3fv(partColorUniformLocation, 1, &partColor[0]);
glDrawArrays(GL_LINES, 0, 2);
glBindVertexArray(VCOz); // Coordz
partColor = vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glUniform3fv(partColorUniformLocation, 1, &partColor[0]);
glDrawArrays(GL_LINES, 0, 2);
glBindVertexArray(VBO); // Box
partColor = vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glUniform3fv(partColorUniformLocation, 1, &partColor[0]);
glDrawArrays(GL_LINES, 0, 24);
glUniform1i(shows, 1);
glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glViewport(0, wh - 35, ww, wh);
VP = glm::ortho(0.0f, ww, 0.0f, 35.0f) * glm::mat4(1.0f); //left, right, bottom, top
glUniformMatrix4fv(vpMatrixUniformLocation, 1, GL_FALSE, &VP[0][0]);
glBindVertexArray(VTO2);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE0);
glUniform1i(shows, 3);
glViewport(0, wh - menubar, ln0, 35);
VP = glm::ortho(0.0f, float(ln0), 0.0f, 35.0f) * glm::mat4(1.0f); //left, right, bottom, top
glUniformMatrix4fv(vpMatrixUniformLocation, 1, GL_FALSE, &VP[0][0]);
glBindVertexArray(VTO);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);
glDisable(GL_TEXTURE0);
glutSwapBuffers();
}
void texturemenu() {
vector <float> ptex(18);
float top = 35;
float bottom = 0;
float left = 0;
float right = 1280;
ptex = {
right, top, 0.0f,
left, top, 0.0f,
left, bottom, 0.0f,
left, bottom, 0.0f,
right, bottom, 0.0f,
right, top, 0.0f
};
vector <float> tex(12);
tex = {
1.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f,
1.0f, 0.0f,
1.0f, 1.0f
};
glGenBuffers(1, &ptexID);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ptexID);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ptex.size() * sizeof(float), ptex.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
ptex.clear();
glGenTextures(1, &texID);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, texID);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, tex.size() * sizeof(float), tex.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
tex.clear();
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VTO);
glBindVertexArray(VTO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ptexID);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, texID);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(3);
glVertexAttribPointer(3, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
void bmpsread() {
bu.clear();
bu.resize(3 * 35 * ln0, 255);
int bmpn = 0;
string sbmp;
sbmp = "C:/C++/icons/dll/new.bmp";
if (sbmp.size() > 0) {
ifstream fo;
unsigned int fn = 0;
fo.open(sbmp, std::ios::binary | std::ios::in);
if (fo.is_open()) {
std::ifstream in_file(sbmp, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
fo.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
int file_size = in_file.tellg();
fn = file_size;
b.resize(fn);
fo.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
fo.read(b.data(), fn);
}
fo.close();
fo.clear();
int dataPos = *(int*)&(b[0x0A]);
int www = *(int*)&(b[0x12]);
int ka = 0;
int kx = ceil((((float)www * 3) + 1) / 4) * 4 - www * 3;
if (kx == 4) { kx = 0; }
for (int i = 0; i < 35; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < www; j++) {
bu[i * ln0 * 3 + (bmpn + j) * 3] = (unsigned char)b[i * www * 3 + j * 3 + ka + dataPos];
bu[i * ln0 * 3 + (bmpn + j) * 3 + 1] = (unsigned char)b[i * www * 3 + j * 3 + ka + 1 + dataPos];
bu[i * ln0 * 3 + (bmpn + j) * 3 + 2] = (unsigned char)b[i * www * 3 + j * 3 + ka + 2 + dataPos];
}
ka += kx;
}
b.clear();
}
bmpn += 37;
}
void maketexture0(int tw, int th) {
glGenTextures(1, &texture0);
auto textureUniformLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "texture0");
glUniform1i(texture0, 0);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture0);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE0);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, tw, th, 0, GL_BGR, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, bu.data());
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
bu.clear();
}
void installShader() {
GLuint vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(vertexShader);
GLuint fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(fragmentShader);
shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);
glDetachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
glDetachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitWindowSize(800, 600);
mW = glutCreateWindow(" Texture Test");
glewInit();
HWND win_handle = FindWindow(0, L" Texture Test");
WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };
if (!win_handle) {
return -1;
}
SetWindowLong(win_handle, GWL_STYLE, (GetWindowLong(win_handle, GWL_STYLE) | WS_MAXIMIZE));
ShowWindowAsync(win_handle, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
ShowWindowAsync(win_handle, SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED);
box();
coord();
installShader();
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
没有纹理：
但是在我添加纹理以创建菜单栏（在此示例中为“new.bmp”图片）并在“coord();”之后添加以下代码之后 在“int main(int argc, char** argv)”中：
bmpsread();
texturemenu();
maketexture0(ln0, 35);
然后我的盒子消失了，我的坐标是错误的。
带纹理：
我究竟做错了什么？
解决方案
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