ssh - SSH 密钥仍然要求用户输入密码

Question

在 Debian 10（proxmox 环境）上，我可以使用 ssh-key 以 root 身份访问 ssh 远程。在远程系统上，我安装了新用户 (myuser)，使用 ssh-keygen 创建了没有密码的 ssh-key。我将公钥的内容复制到 /home/myuser/.ssh/authorized_keys （与 root 相同）。

现在，ssh to remote for root 无需密码即可工作。ssh to remote for myuser 会要求我输入密码。

看起来 sshd 配置是正确的。但是为什么我不能使用 ssh-key 为 myuser 登录？

我的最终目标是使用带有 ssh-keys 的 winSCP 从 Windows 访问

SSH 输出：

root@srv1 ~ # ssh -vvv myuser@192.168.100.8
> OpenSSH_8.4p1 Debian-5, OpenSSL 1.1.1k  25 Mar 2021
> debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
> debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: include /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/*.conf matched no files
> debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: Applying options for *
> debug2: resolve_canonicalize: hostname 192.168.100.8 is address
> debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts' -> '/root/.ssh/known_hosts'
> debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts2' -> '/root/.ssh/known_hosts2'
> debug2: ssh_connect_direct
> debug1: Connecting to 192.168.100.8 [192.168.100.8] port 22.
> debug1: Connection established.
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
> debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
> debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.4p1 Debian-5
> debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.9p1 Debian-10+deb10u2 debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.9p1 Debian-10+deb10u2 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
> debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
> debug1: Authenticating to 192.168.100.8:22 as 'myuser'
> debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/root/.ssh/known_hosts"
> debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1
> debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from 192.168.100.8
> debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: have matching best-preference key type [e-mail], using HostkeyAlgorithms verbatim
> debug3: send packet: type 20
> debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
> debug3: receive packet: type 20
> debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
> debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
> debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[e-mail],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,ext-info-c
> debug2: host key algorithms: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[e-mail],ssh-ed25519,[e-mail],rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
> debug2: ciphers ctos: [e-mail],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[e-mail],[e-mail]
> debug2: ciphers stoc: [e-mail],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[e-mail],[e-mail]
> debug2: MACs ctos: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
> debug2: MACs stoc: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
> debug2: compression ctos: none,[e-mail],zlib
> debug2: compression stoc: none,[e-mail],zlib
> debug2: languages ctos:
> debug2: languages stoc:
> debug2: first_kex_follows 0
> debug2: reserved 0
> debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
> debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[e-mail],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1
> debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
> debug2: ciphers ctos: [e-mail],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[e-mail],[e-mail]
> debug2: ciphers stoc: [e-mail],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[e-mail],[e-mail]
> debug2: MACs ctos: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
> debug2: MACs stoc: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
> debug2: compression ctos: none,[e-mail]
> debug2: compression stoc: none,[e-mail]
> debug2: languages ctos:
> debug2: languages stoc:
> debug2: first_kex_follows 0
> debug2: reserved 0 debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
> debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
> debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [e-mail] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
> debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [e-mail] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
> debug3: send packet: type 30 debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
> debug3: receive packet: type 31
> debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:MAQ9SRm/{snipped}
> debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/root/.ssh/known_hosts"
> debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1
> debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from 192.168.100.8
> debug1: Host '192.168.100.8' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
> debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1
> debug3: send packet: type 21
> debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
> debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
> debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
> debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
> debug3: receive packet: type 21
> debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
> debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
> debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
> debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:G+sbTZiyYh23IP{snipped}
> debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa
> debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa
> debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
> debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519
> debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
> debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_xmss
> debug2: pubkey_prepare: done debug3: send packet: type 5
> debug3: receive packet: type 7 debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
> debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521>
> debug3: receive packet: type 6
> debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
> debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug3: send packet: type 50
> debug3: receive packet: type 51
> debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
> debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password
> debug3: preferred gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
> debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
> debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
> debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
> debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
> debug1: Offering public key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:G+sbTZiyYh23IP{snipped}
> debug3: send
> packet: type 50 debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
> debug3: receive packet: type 51 debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
> debug1: Trying private key:/root/.ssh/id_dsa
> debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_dsa: No such file or directory
> debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa
> debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa: No such file or directory
> debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
> debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk: No such file or directory
> debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519
> debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519: No such file or directory debug1:
 Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
> debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk: No such file or directory debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_xmss
> debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_xmss: No such file or directory
> debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
> debug3: authmethod_lookup password
> debug3: remaining preferred: ,password
> debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password
> debug1: Next authentication method: password myuser@192.168.100.8's
> password:

标签： ssh

Answer 1

仔细检查 authorized_keys 是否具有正确的权限和 owner:group

应该

chmod 700 ~/.ssh
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys