首页 > 解决方案 > 单击左箭头或右箭头以切换数组中的元素与左侧或右侧的元素 React

问题描述

我是 React 的新手,正在尝试构建一个应用程序,用户可以在其中创建卡片、删除卡片,并通过单击向左或向右箭头来更改卡片数组的顺序,以使用左侧或左侧的元素切换元素正确的。我正在努力编写这个功能。我已经编写了将卡与左侧的卡进行切换的功能,但是该功能现在没有做任何事情。我也没有从这个函数的控制台中得到任何错误,所以我真的无法确定我哪里出错了。这是到目前为止的代码:

CardList.js 将显示添加卡片的表单并显示 CardItems 数组,传递函数以将这些项目向左或向右切换('moveLeft','moveRight')作为道具。

import React from "react";
import CardItem from "./CardItem";
import CardForm from "./CardForm";
import './Card.css';

class CardList extends React.Component {
  state = {
    cards: JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(`cards`)) || []
    // when the component mounts, read from localStorage and set/initialize the state
  };

  componentDidUpdate(prevProps, prevState) { // persist state changes to longer term storage when it's updated
      localStorage.setItem(
        `cards`,
        JSON.stringify(this.state.cards)
      );
  }

  render() {
    const cards = this.getCards();
    const cardNodes = (
      <div style={{ display: 'flex' }}>{cards}</div>
    );

    return (
     <div>
     <CardForm addCard={this.addCard.bind(this)} /> 
     <div className="container">
     <div className="card-collection">
          {cardNodes} 
          </div>
      </div>
      </div>
    );
  }

  addCard(name) {
    const card = {
      name
    };
    this.setState({
      cards: this.state.cards.concat([card])
    }); // new array references help React stay fast, so concat works better than push here.
  }
  
  
  removeCard(index) {
    this.state.cards.splice(index, 1)
    this.setState({
      cards: this.state.cards.filter(i => i !== index)
    })
  }

  moveLeft(index,card) {
   if (index > 1) {
     this.state.cards.splice(index, 1);
     this.state.cards.splice((index !== 0) ? index - 1 : this.state.cards.length, 0, card)
   }
    return this.state.cards
 }

  moveRight(index, card) {
   // ?
  }

  getCards() {
    return this.state.cards.map((card) => {
      return (
        <CardItem
          card={card}
          index={card.index}
          name={card.name}
          removeCard={this.removeCard.bind(this)}
          moveLeft={this.moveLeft.bind(this)}
          moveRight={this.moveRight.bind(this)}
        />
      );
    });
  }
}
export default CardList;

CardItem 正在接受这些道具,并在单击左或右图标后理想地处理在数组中向左或向右移动卡片。

import React from 'react';

import Card from "react-bootstrap/Card";
import Button from "react-bootstrap/Button";

class CardItem extends React.Component {
 render() {
  return (
  <div>
 <Card style={{ width: '15rem'}}>
  <Card.Header as="h5">{this.props.name}</Card.Header>
  <Card.Body>
    <Button variant="primary" onClick={this.handleClick.bind(this)}>Remove</Button>
  </Card.Body>
  <Card.Footer style={{ display: 'flex' }}>
  <i class="arrow left icon" onClick={this.leftClick.bind(this)} style={{ color: 'blue'}}></i>
  <i class="arrow right icon" onClick={this.rightClick.bind(this)} style={{ color: 'blue'}}></i>
  </Card.Footer>
</Card>
 </div>
    )
  }

handleClick(index) { 
  this.props.removeCard(index)
}

leftClick(index, card) {
this.props.moveLeft(index, card)
}

rightClick(index, card) {
  this.props.moveRight(index, card)
}

}
export default CardItem;

不知道我哪里出错了。任何帮助,将不胜感激

编辑#1 嘿伙计们,所以我写了一个不同的函数来处理将卡片向左移动,我决定在构造函数中将“this”绑定到该方法,因为我收到错误说程序无法读取它。但是,我仍然收到错误,基本上说当我将函数从 CardList 传递给 CardItem 作为道具时,一切都没有定义。有谁知道问题是什么?当我调用 CardItem 中的方法时,我怀疑它是我的语法。

CardList.js

import React from "react";
import CardItem from "./CardItem";
import CardForm from "./CardForm";
import './Card.css';

class CardList extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super();

    this.moveLeft = this.moveLeft.bind(this);
    this.moveRight = this.moveRight.bind(this);
    this.state = {
      cards: JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(`cards`)) || []
      // when the component mounts, read from localStorage and set/initialize the state
    };
  }
  
  

  componentDidUpdate(prevProps, prevState) { // persist state changes to longer term storage when it's updated
      localStorage.setItem(
        `cards`,
        JSON.stringify(this.state.cards)
      );
  }

  render() {
    const cards = this.getCards();
    const cardNodes = (
      <div style={{ display: 'flex' }}>{cards}</div>
    );

    return (
     <div>
     <CardForm addCard={this.addCard.bind(this)} /> 
     <div className="container">
     <div className="card-collection">
          {cardNodes} 
          </div>
      </div>
      </div>
    );
  }

  addCard(name) {
    const card = {
      name
    };
    this.setState({
      cards: this.state.cards.concat([card])
    }); // new array references help React stay fast, so concat works better than push here.
  }
  
  
  removeCard(index) {
    this.state.cards.splice(index, 1)
    this.setState({
      cards: this.state.cards.filter(i => i !== index)
    })
  }

  moveLeft(index, card) {
    this.setState((prevState, prevProps) => {
        return {cards: prevState.cards.map(( c, i)=> {
            // also handle case when index == 0
            if (i === index) {
                return prevState.cards[index - 1];
            } else if (i === index - 1) {
                return prevState.cards[index];
            }    
        })};
    }); 
 }

  moveRight(index, card) {
   // ?
  }

  getCards() {
    return this.state.cards.map((card) => {
      return (
        <CardItem
          card={card}
          index={card.index}
          name={card.name}
          removeCard={this.removeCard.bind(this)}
          moveLeft={this.moveLeft}
          moveRight={this.moveRight}
        />
      );
    });
  }
}
export default CardList;

CardItem.js

import React from 'react';

import Card from "react-bootstrap/Card";
import Button from "react-bootstrap/Button";

class CardItem extends React.Component {
 render() {
  return (
  <div>
 <Card style={{ width: '15rem'}}>
  <Card.Header as="h5">{this.props.name}</Card.Header>
  <Card.Body>
    <Button variant="primary" onClick={this.handleClick.bind(this)}>Remove</Button>
  </Card.Body>
  <Card.Footer style={{ display: 'flex' }}>
  <i class="arrow left icon" onClick={leftClick(index, card)} style={{ color: 'blue'}}></i>
  <i class="arrow right icon" onClick={rightClick(index, card)} style={{ color: 'blue'}}></i>
  </Card.Footer>
</Card>
 </div>
    )
  }

handleClick(index) { 
  this.props.removeCard(index)
}

leftClick(index, card) {
this.props.moveLeft(index,card)
}

rightClick(index, card) {
  this.props.moveRight(index, card)
}

}
export default CardItem;

标签: javascripthtmlarraysreactjsevent-handling

解决方案


要在 React 中更新状态数组,你不应该使用splice,push[]操作符。

而是使用返回新数组对象的方法,即。map, filter, concat, slice.

有关详细说明,请参阅本文

因此,您可以执行以下操作:

moveLeft(index,card) {
    this.setState((prevState, prevProps)=> {
        return {cards: prevState.cards.map((c,i)=> {
            // also handle case when index == 0
            if(i == index) {
                return prevState.cards[index-1];
            } else if(i == index-1) {
                return prevState.cards[index];
            }    
        })};
    }); 
 }

当使用之前的值更新 React 状态时,总是使用

setState((prevState,prevProps)=>{ return ...})

因此,状态更新可能是异步的。请参阅 React 文档

由于您是从子组件调用父组件方法,因此最好在CardList构造函数中绑定这些方法。例如:

this.moveLeft = this.moveLeft.bind(this);
this.moveRight ....

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