python - 我在代码中添加了 2 行。当我在我的服务器上测试机器人时，所有命令都不起作用。对于如何解决这个问题，有任何的建议吗？

Question

我在另一个线程上找到了这段代码，我认为尝试一下看看它是否有效是个好主意，但我遇到了一些问题让命令工作

import discord
from discord.ext import commands
import random
import asyncio
import itertools
import sys
import traceback
from async_timeout import timeout
from functools import partial
import youtube_dl
from youtube_dl import YoutubeDL
import os

为了让服务器能够运行，我添加了这条线......我仍然对这些东西一无所知，所以如果我做错了什么，请指导我

    client = commands.Bot(command_prefix = '!')

    # Suppress noise about console usage from errors
    youtube_dl.utils.bug_reports_message = lambda: ''
    
    
    
    
    
    ytdlopts = {
        'format': 'bestaudio/best',
        'outtmpl': 'downloads/%(extractor)s-%(id)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s',
        'restrictfilenames': True,
        'noplaylist': True,
        'nocheckcertificate': True,
        'ignoreerrors': False,
        'logtostderr': False,
        'quiet': True,
        'no_warnings': True,
        'default_search': 'auto',
        'source_address': '0.0.0.0'  # ipv6 addresses cause issues sometimes
    }
    
    ffmpegopts = {
        'before_options': '-nostdin',
        'options': '-vn'
    }
    
    ytdl = YoutubeDL(ytdlopts)
    
    
    @client.event
    async def on_ready():
      print('Logged on as {0}!'.format(client.user))
    
    
    
    class VoiceConnectionError(commands.CommandError):
        """Custom Exception class for connection errors."""
    
    
    class InvalidVoiceChannel(VoiceConnectionError):
        """Exception for cases of invalid Voice Channels."""
    
    
    class YTDLSource(discord.PCMVolumeTransformer):
    
        def __init__(self, source, *, data, requester):
            super().__init__(source)
            self.requester = requester
    
            self.title = data.get('title')
            self.web_url = data.get('webpage_url')
            self.duration = data.get('duration')
    
            # YTDL info dicts (data) have other useful information you might want
            # https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/README.md
    
        def __getitem__(self, item: str):
            """Allows us to access attributes similar to a dict.
            This is only useful when you are NOT downloading.
            """
            return self.__getattribute__(item)
    
        @classmethod
        async def create_source(cls, ctx, search: str, *, loop, download=False):
            loop = loop or asyncio.get_event_loop()
    
            to_run = partial(ytdl.extract_info, url=search, download=download)
            data = await loop.run_in_executor(None, to_run)
    
            if 'entries' in data:
                # take first item from a playlist
                data = data['entries'][0]
    
            embed = discord.Embed(title="", description=f"Queued [{data['title']}]({data['webpage_url']}) [{ctx.author.mention}]", color=discord.Color.green())
            await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            if download:
                source = ytdl.prepare_filename(data)
            else:
                return {'webpage_url': data['webpage_url'], 'requester': ctx.author, 'title': data['title']}
    
            return cls(discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(source), data=data, requester=ctx.author)
    
        @classmethod
        async def regather_stream(cls, data, *, loop):
            """Used for preparing a stream, instead of downloading.
            Since Youtube Streaming links expire."""
            loop = loop or asyncio.get_event_loop()
            requester = data['requester']
    
            to_run = partial(ytdl.extract_info, url=data['webpage_url'], download=False)
            data = await loop.run_in_executor(None, to_run)
    
            return cls(discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(data['url']), data=data, requester=requester)
    
    
    class MusicPlayer:
        """A class which is assigned to each guild using the bot for Music.
        This class implements a queue and loop, which allows for different guilds to listen to different playlists
        simultaneously.
        When the bot disconnects from the Voice it's instance will be destroyed.
        """
    
        __slots__ = ('bot', '_guild', '_channel', '_cog', 'queue', 'next', 'current', 'np', 'volume')
    
        def __init__(self, ctx):
            self.bot = ctx.bot
            self._guild = ctx.guild
            self._channel = ctx.channel
            self._cog = ctx.cog
    
            self.queue = asyncio.Queue()
            self.next = asyncio.Event()
    
            self.np = None  # Now playing message
            self.volume = .5
            self.current = None
    
            ctx.bot.loop.create_task(self.player_loop())
    
        async def player_loop(self):
            """Our main player loop."""
            await self.bot.wait_until_ready()
    
            while not self.bot.is_closed():
                self.next.clear()
    
                try:
                    # Wait for the next song. If we timeout cancel the player and disconnect...
                    async with timeout(300):  # 5 minutes...
                        source = await self.queue.get()
                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                    return self.destroy(self._guild)
    
                if not isinstance(source, YTDLSource):
                    # Source was probably a stream (not downloaded)
                    # So we should regather to prevent stream expiration
                    try:
                        source = await YTDLSource.regather_stream(source, loop=self.bot.loop)
                    except Exception as e:
                        await self._channel.send(f'There was an error processing your song.\n'
                                                 f'```css\n[{e}]\n```')
                        continue
    
                source.volume = self.volume
                self.current = source
    
                self._guild.voice_client.play(source, after=lambda _: self.bot.loop.call_soon_threadsafe(self.next.set))
                embed = discord.Embed(title="Now playing", description=f"[{source.title}]({source.web_url}) [{source.requester.mention}]", color=discord.Color.green())
                self.np = await self._channel.send(embed=embed)
                await self.next.wait()
    
                # Make sure the FFmpeg process is cleaned up.
                source.cleanup()
                self.current = None
    
        def destroy(self, guild):
            """Disconnect and cleanup the player."""
            return self.bot.loop.create_task(self._cog.cleanup(guild))
    
    
    class Music(commands.Cog):
        """Music related commands."""
    
        __slots__ = ('bot', 'players')
    
        def __init__(self, bot):
            self.bot = bot
            self.players = {}
    
        async def cleanup(self, guild):
            try:
                await guild.voice_client.disconnect()
            except AttributeError:
                pass
    
            try:
                del self.players[guild.id]
            except KeyError:
                pass
    
        async def __local_check(self, ctx):
            """A local check which applies to all commands in this cog."""
            if not ctx.guild:
                raise commands.NoPrivateMessage
            return True
    
        async def __error(self, ctx, error):
            """A local error handler for all errors arising from commands in this cog."""
            if isinstance(error, commands.NoPrivateMessage):
                try:
                    return await ctx.send('This command can not be used in Private Messages.')
                except discord.HTTPException:
                    pass
            elif isinstance(error, InvalidVoiceChannel):
                await ctx.send('Error connecting to Voice Channel. '
                               'Please make sure you are in a valid channel or provide me with one')
    
            print('Ignoring exception in command {}:'.format(ctx.command), file=sys.stderr)
            traceback.print_exception(type(error), error, error.__traceback__, file=sys.stderr)
    
        def get_player(self, ctx):
            """Retrieve the guild player, or generate one."""
            try:
                player = self.players[ctx.guild.id]
            except KeyError:
                player = MusicPlayer(ctx)
                self.players[ctx.guild.id] = player
    
            return player
    
        @commands.command(name='join', aliases=['connect', 'j'], description="connects to voice")
        async def connect_(self, ctx, *, channel: discord.VoiceChannel=None):
            """Connect to voice.
            Parameters
            ------------
            channel: discord.VoiceChannel [Optional]
                The channel to connect to. If a channel is not specified, an attempt to join the voice channel you are in
                will be made.
            This command also handles moving the bot to different channels.
            """
            if not channel:
                try:
                    channel = ctx.author.voice.channel
                except AttributeError:
                    embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="No channel to join. Please call `,join` from a voice channel.", color=discord.Color.green())
                    await ctx.send(embed=embed)
                    raise InvalidVoiceChannel('No channel to join. Please either specify a valid channel or join one.')
    
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if vc:
                if vc.channel.id == channel.id:
                    return
                try:
                    await vc.move_to(channel)
                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                    raise VoiceConnectionError(f'Moving to channel: <{channel}> timed out.')
            else:
                try:
                    await channel.connect()
                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                    raise VoiceConnectionError(f'Connecting to channel: <{channel}> timed out.')
            if (random.randint(0, 1) == 0):
                await ctx.message.add_reaction('')
            await ctx.send(f'**Joined `{channel}`**')
    
        @commands.command(name='play', aliases=['sing','p'], description="streams music")
        async def play_(self, ctx, *, search: str):
            """Request a song and add it to the queue.
            This command attempts to join a valid voice channel if the bot is not already in one.
            Uses YTDL to automatically search and retrieve a song.
            Parameters
            ------------
            search: str [Required]
                The song to search and retrieve using YTDL. This could be a simple search, an ID or URL.
            """
            await ctx.trigger_typing()
    
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc:
                await ctx.invoke(self.connect_)
    
            player = self.get_player(ctx)
    
            # If download is False, source will be a dict which will be used later to regather the stream.
            # If download is True, source will be a discord.FFmpegPCMAudio with a VolumeTransformer.
            source = await YTDLSource.create_source(ctx, search, loop=self.bot.loop, download=False)
    
            await player.queue.put(source)
    
        @commands.command(name='pause', description="pauses music")
        async def pause_(self, ctx):
            """Pause the currently playing song."""
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_playing():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I am currently not playing anything", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
            elif vc.is_paused():
                return
    
            vc.pause()
            await ctx.send("Paused ⏸️")
    
        @commands.command(name='resume', description="resumes music")
        async def resume_(self, ctx):
            """Resume the currently paused song."""
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I'm not connected to a voice channel", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
            elif not vc.is_paused():
                return
    
            vc.resume()
            await ctx.send("Resuming ⏯️")
    
        @commands.command(name='skip', description="skips to next song in queue")
        async def skip_(self, ctx):
            """Skip the song."""
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I'm not connected to a voice channel", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            if vc.is_paused():
                pass
            elif not vc.is_playing():
                return
    
            vc.stop()
        
        @commands.command(name='remove', aliases=['rm', 'rem'], description="removes specified song from queue")
        async def remove_(self, ctx, pos : int=None):
            """Removes specified song from queue"""
    
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I'm not connected to a voice channel", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            player = self.get_player(ctx)
            if pos == None:
                player.queue._queue.pop()
            else:
                try:
                    s = player.queue._queue[pos-1]
                    del player.queue._queue[pos-1]
                    embed = discord.Embed(title="", description=f"Removed [{s['title']}]({s['webpage_url']}) [{s['requester'].mention}]", color=discord.Color.green())
                    await ctx.send(embed=embed)
                except:
                    embed = discord.Embed(title="", description=f'Could not find a track for "{pos}"', color=discord.Color.green())
                    await ctx.send(embed=embed)
        
        @commands.command(name='clear', aliases=['clr', 'cl', 'cr'], description="clears entire queue")
        async def clear_(self, ctx):
            """Deletes entire queue of upcoming songs."""
    
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I'm not connected to a voice channel", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            player = self.get_player(ctx)
            player.queue._queue.clear()
            await ctx.send(' **Cleared**')
    
        @commands.command(name='queue', aliases=['q', 'playlist', 'que'], description="shows the queue")
        async def queue_info(self, ctx):
            """Retrieve a basic queue of upcoming songs."""
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I'm not connected to a voice channel", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            player = self.get_player(ctx)
            if player.queue.empty():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="queue is empty", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            seconds = vc.source.duration % (24 * 3600) 
            hour = seconds // 3600
            seconds %= 3600
            minutes = seconds // 60
            seconds %= 60
            if hour > 0:
                duration = "%dh %02dm %02ds" % (hour, minutes, seconds)
            else:
                duration = "%02dm %02ds" % (minutes, seconds)
    
            # Grabs the songs in the queue...
            upcoming = list(itertools.islice(player.queue._queue, 0, int(len(player.queue._queue))))
            fmt = '\n'.join(f"`{(upcoming.index(_)) + 1}.` [{_['title']}]({_['webpage_url']}) | ` {duration} Requested by: {_['requester']}`\n" for _ in upcoming)
            fmt = f"\n__Now Playing__:\n[{vc.source.title}]({vc.source.web_url}) | ` {duration} Requested by: {vc.source.requester}`\n\n__Up Next:__\n" + fmt + f"\n**{len(upcoming)} songs in queue**"
            embed = discord.Embed(title=f'Queue for {ctx.guild.name}', description=fmt, color=discord.Color.green())
            embed.set_footer(text=f"{ctx.author.display_name}", icon_url=ctx.author.avatar_url)
    
            await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
        @commands.command(name='np', aliases=['song', 'current', 'currentsong', 'playing'], description="shows the current playing song")
        async def now_playing_(self, ctx):
            """Display information about the currently playing song."""
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I'm not connected to a voice channel", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            player = self.get_player(ctx)
            if not player.current:
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I am currently not playing anything", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
            
            seconds = vc.source.duration % (24 * 3600) 
            hour = seconds // 3600
            seconds %= 3600
            minutes = seconds // 60
            seconds %= 60
            if hour > 0:
                duration = "%dh %02dm %02ds" % (hour, minutes, seconds)
            else:
                duration = "%02dm %02ds" % (minutes, seconds)
    
            embed = discord.Embed(title="", description=f"[{vc.source.title}]({vc.source.web_url}) [{vc.source.requester.mention}] | `{duration}`", color=discord.Color.green())
            embed.set_author(icon_url=self.bot.user.avatar_url, name=f"Now Playing ")
            await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
        @commands.command(name='volume', aliases=['vol', 'v'], description="changes Kermit's volume")
        async def change_volume(self, ctx, *, vol: float=None):
            """Change the player volume.
            Parameters
            ------------
            volume: float or int [Required]
                The volume to set the player to in percentage. This must be between 1 and 100.
            """
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I am not currently connected to voice", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
            
            if not vol:
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description=f" **{(vc.source.volume)*100}%**", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            if not 0 < vol < 101:
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="Please enter a value between 1 and 100", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            player = self.get_player(ctx)
    
            if vc.source:
                vc.source.volume = vol / 100
    
            player.volume = vol / 100
            embed = discord.Embed(title="", description=f'**`{ctx.author}`** set the volume to **{vol}%**', color=discord.Color.green())
            await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
        @commands.command(name='leave', aliases=["stop", "dc", "disconnect", "bye"], description="stops music and disconnects from voice")
        async def leave_(self, ctx):
            """Stop the currently playing song and destroy the player.
            !Warning!
                This will destroy the player assigned to your guild, also deleting any queued songs and settings.
            """
            vc = ctx.voice_client
    
            if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
                embed = discord.Embed(title="", description="I'm not connected to a voice channel", color=discord.Color.green())
                return await ctx.send(embed=embed)
    
            if (random.randint(0, 1) == 0):
                await ctx.message.add_reaction('')
            await ctx.send('**Successfully disconnected**')
    
            await self.cleanup(ctx.guild)
    
    
    def setup(bot):
        bot.add_cog(Music(bot))

这被添加到底部以供我的机器人工作

    client.run(os.getenv('token'))

当我尝试运行它时，它会运行，但没有一个命令可以工作。有人可以向我解释一下我应该怎么做才能使命令也能正常工作非常感谢谢谢

标签： pythondiscord.py

Answer 1

此时您的代码仅运行

client = commands.Bot(command_prefix='!')
client.run(os.getenv('token'))

因为它不知道它还必须使用其他代码。

在代码中，您具有setup()更改它的功能

client = commands.Bot(command_prefix='!')
setup(client)
client.run(os.getenv('token'))

或者你必须直接使用add_cog()

client = commands.Bot(command_prefix='!')
client.add_cog(Music(client))
client.run(os.getenv('token'))