python - 如何解决 TypeError: element_to_be_clickable() 需要 1 个位置参数？

Question

TypeError: element_to_be_clickable() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given运行以下代码时出现错误：

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

url = 'https://www.expedia.co.uk/'

s = Service(ChromeDriverManager().install())
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=s, options=chrome_options)

driver.get(url)
elem = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#add-flight-switch"))
elem.click()
elem1 = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "button[aria-label='Leaving from']").text
driver.quit()

我可以看到函数中确实有两个参数elements_to_be_clickable()，但是By.CSS_SELECTOR特定选择器类型（在本例中为 CSS）不需要找到该部分吗？

我正在使用选择器集线器来获取 CSS_SELECTOR 信息。

任何有关如何解决的支持将不胜感激。

标签： pythonseleniumweb-scrapingselenium-chromedriverelement

Answer 1

您确实需要两者By和值，但该函数希望将两个值打包为一个，在tuple

EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#add-flight-switch"))

如果你深入研究你会看到内部element_to_be_clickable使用的源代码_find_element，这个函数解包tuple要使用的driver.find_element()

class element_to_be_clickable(object):
    def __init__(self, locator):
        self.locator = locator

    def __call__(self, driver):
        element = visibility_of_element_located(self.locator)(driver)
    ...

class visibility_of_element_located(object):
    def __init__(self, locator):
        self.locator = locator

    def __call__(self, driver):
        return _element_if_visible(_find_element(driver, self.locator))
    ...

def _find_element(driver, by):
    ...
    return driver.find_element(*by)
    ...