滑块验证码识别

本文是使用极验滑动验证码的官网做的实验，没有账号的可以先注册一个账号 ，地址 ：https://account.geetest.com/login

安装环境
1. chromedriver 下载地址可以根据自己chrome版本和系统自行下载
  地址：http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
  查看chrome版本和下载chromedriver页面：
  
  将解压好的文件放入/usr/local/bin目录中，由于mac的很多目录都是隐藏的，所以我们按快捷键command+shift+g，在弹出的窗口输入/usr/local/bin，
  就可以打开这个目录，接着将解压好的驱动放入此目录即可。
  安装 selenium
2. ```
pip install selenium
```
  　　
3. 安装 PIL 图片处理
  当我们输入pip insall PIL时候会发现错误，没有这个模块。因为这个模块安装是以前版本,在命令行输入 pip install pillow
```
pip install pillow
```
  　　
4. 测试
  打开小黑窗
```
from selenium import webdriver
from PIL import Image
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get("http://www.baidu.com")
```
  　得到以下结果证明环境没问题接下来开始写代码咯

　　　　写代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
import time
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
import random

EMAIL = '@qq.com'
PASSWORD = '密码'


class CrackGeetest():
    """
    初始化
    """

    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://account.geetest.com/login'
        self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 5)
        self.email = EMAIL
        self.password = PASSWORD

    def __del__(self):
        self.browser.close()

    def open(self):
        """
        输入用户及密码
        """
        self.browser.get(self.url)
        email_xpath = '//*[@id="base"]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[3]/div/form/div[1]/div/div/input'
        email = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, email_xpath)))
        password_xpath = '//*[@id="base"]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[3]/div/form/div[2]/div/div[1]/input'
        password = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, password_xpath)))
        email.send_keys(self.email)
        password.send_keys(self.password)

    def get_geetest_button(self):
        """

        获取初始验证按钮
        返回按钮对象
        """
        button = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_radar_tip')))
        return button

    def get_position(self):
        """

        获取验证码位置-为截取验证码准备
        返回验证码位置元组
        """
        img = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_canvas_img')))
        time.sleep(2)
        location = img.location
        size = img.size
        top, bottom, left, right = location['y'], location['y'] + size['height'], location['x'], location['x'] + size[
            'width']
        return (top, bottom, left, right)

    def get_screenshot(self):
        """[summary]

        获取网页截图
        """
        screenshot = self.browser.get_screenshot_as_png()
        screenshot = Image.open(BytesIO(screenshot))
        return screenshot

    def get_geetest_image(self, name='captcha.png'):
        """
        获取验证码图片
        返回图片对象
        """
        top, bottom, left, right = self.get_position()
        screenshot = self.get_screenshot()
        # 通过验证码图片的位置从网页截图上截取验证码
        captcha = screenshot.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
        captcha.save(name)
        return captcha

    def get_slider(self):
        """
        获取滑块对象
        """
        slider = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_slider_button')))
        return slider

    def get_track(self, distance):
        """
        根据偏移量获取移动轨迹

        Arguments:
            distance {[type]} -- 偏移量
        """
        # 移动轨迹
        track = []
        # 当前位移
        current = 0
        # 减速阀值
        mid = distance * 7 / 10
        # 计算间隔
        t = 0.15
        # 初速度
        v = 0

        while current < distance:
            if current < mid:
                # 加速度为正
                a = 2.1
            else:
                # 加速度为负
                a = -4.8
            # 初速度v0
            v0 = v
            # 当前速度 v = v0 + at
            v = v0 + a * t
            # 移动距离 x = v0t + 1/2*a*t*t
            move = v0 * t + 1 / 2 * a * t * t
            # 当前位移
            current += move
            # 加入轨迹
            track.append(round(move, 2))
        return track

    def move_to_gap(self, slider, tracks):
        """[summary]

        拖动滑块到缺口处
        动作： 点击且不释放鼠标-拖拽图片到缺口-释放鼠标

        Arguments:
            slider {[type]} -- 滑块
            tracks {[type]} -- 轨迹
        """
        # 点击并按住滑块
        ActionChains(self.browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform()
        # 移动
        for x in tracks:
            ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=x, yoffset=0).perform()
        time.sleep(0.1)
        # 释放滑块
        ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()

    def login(self):
        """[summary]

        登录
        """
        submit = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'login-btn')))
        submit.click()
        time.sleep(1)
        print('登录成功')

    def is_try_again(self):
        """[summary]

        判断是否能够点击重试
        """
        button_text = self.browser.find_element_by_class_name('geetest_radar_tip_content')
        text = button_text.text
        if text == '尝试过多':
            button = self.browser.find_element_by_class_name('geetest_reset_tip_content')
            button.click()

    def is_success(self):
        """[summary]

        判断是否成功
        """
        button_text2 = self.browser.find_element_by_class_name('geetest_success_radar_tip_content')
        text2 = button_text2.text
        if text2 == '验证成功':
            return 1
        return 0

    def for_move(self, x_temp):
        """[summary]

        循环拖动
        """
        flag = 0
        for i in range(0, 7):

            gap = random.randint(16, 20) * i + x_temp
            if gap < 40:
                continue
            print('预估计缺口位置: ', gap)
            self.is_try_again()
            slider = self.get_slider()
            track = self.get_track(gap)
            print('滑动轨迹: ', track)
            # 拖动滑块
            self.move_to_gap(slider, track)
            time.sleep(3)
            if self.is_success():
                flag = 1
                break
        return flag

    def crack(self):
        """[summary]

        验证
        """
        try:
            # 输入用户和密码
            self.open()
            time.sleep(2)
            # 点击验证按钮
            button = self.get_geetest_button()
            button.click()
            # 获取验证码图片
            image1 = self.get_geetest_image('captcha1.png')
            flag = 0
            while 1:
                temp = random.randint(0, 2)  # 将轨迹划分为2, 则有1/2的几率
                if temp == 0:
                    print('预估左1/2: ')
                    flag = self.for_move(30)
                else:
                    print('预估右1/2: ')
                    flag = self.for_move(120)
                if flag == 1:
                    break

        except TimeoutException as e:
            self.crack()
        # 成功,登录
        self.login()
        time.sleep(10)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    crack = CrackGeetest()
    crack.crack()

滑块验证码识别

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