python - PyQt5：有人可以在这段代码中添加一个菜单栏吗？
问题描述
我是 Python 新手，一直在尝试在此代码中添加一个菜单栏以用于文本编辑器。有人可以帮忙并使用文件和编辑添加一个简单的菜单栏吗？这些功能无关紧要，我只想显示一个菜单栏。请帮忙！
#!/usr/bin/python3
# QcodeEditor.py by acbetter.
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QRect, QSize
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QPlainTextEdit, QTextEdit
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor, QPainter, QTextFormat
class QLineNumberArea(QWidget):
def __init__(self, editor):
super().__init__(editor)
self.codeEditor = editor
def sizeHint(self):
return QSize(self.editor.lineNumberAreaWidth(), 0)
def paintEvent(self, event):
self.codeEditor.lineNumberAreaPaintEvent(event)
class QCodeEditor(QPlainTextEdit):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
self.lineNumberArea = QLineNumberArea(self)
self.blockCountChanged.connect(self.updateLineNumberAreaWidth)
self.updateRequest.connect(self.updateLineNumberArea)
self.cursorPositionChanged.connect(self.highlightCurrentLine)
self.updateLineNumberAreaWidth(0)
def lineNumberAreaWidth(self):
digits = 1
max_value = max(1, self.blockCount())
while max_value >= 10:
max_value /= 10
digits += 1
space = 3 + self.fontMetrics().width('9') * digits
return space
def updateLineNumberAreaWidth(self, _):
self.setViewportMargins(self.lineNumberAreaWidth(), 0, 0, 0)
def updateLineNumberArea(self, rect, dy):
if dy:
self.lineNumberArea.scroll(0, dy)
else:
self.lineNumberArea.update(0, rect.y(), self.lineNumberArea.width(), rect.height())
if rect.contains(self.viewport().rect()):
self.updateLineNumberAreaWidth(0)
def resizeEvent(self, event):
super().resizeEvent(event)
cr = self.contentsRect()
self.lineNumberArea.setGeometry(QRect(cr.left(), cr.top(), self.lineNumberAreaWidth(), cr.height()))
def highlightCurrentLine(self):
extraSelections = []
if not self.isReadOnly():
selection = QTextEdit.ExtraSelection()
lineColor = QColor(Qt.yellow).lighter(160)
selection.format.setBackground(lineColor)
selection.format.setProperty(QTextFormat.FullWidthSelection, True)
selection.cursor = self.textCursor()
selection.cursor.clearSelection()
extraSelections.append(selection)
self.setExtraSelections(extraSelections)
def lineNumberAreaPaintEvent(self, event):
painter = QPainter(self.lineNumberArea)
painter.fillRect(event.rect(), Qt.lightGray)
block = self.firstVisibleBlock()
blockNumber = block.blockNumber()
top = self.blockBoundingGeometry(block).translated(self.contentOffset()).top()
bottom = top + self.blockBoundingRect(block).height()
# Just to make sure I use the right font
height = self.fontMetrics().height()
while block.isValid() and (top <= event.rect().bottom()):
if block.isVisible() and (bottom >= event.rect().top()):
number = str(blockNumber + 1)
painter.setPen(Qt.black)
painter.drawText(0, top, self.lineNumberArea.width(), height, Qt.AlignRight, number)
block = block.next()
top = bottom
bottom = top + self.blockBoundingRect(block).height()
blockNumber += 1
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
codeEditor = QCodeEditor()
codeEditor.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
这段代码是由某个人发布在 StackOverflow 上的。不幸的是，我不能直接联系他，也不能对他的帖子发表评论，因为我是新来的。因此，非常感谢任何帮助。
解决方案
在大多数主窗口样式的应用程序中，您将使用 QMainWindow 中提供的 menuBar() 函数，将 QMenus 添加到菜单栏并将 QActions 添加到弹出菜单。有关如何创建菜单栏的说明，请参见代码文本。试试看：
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QRect, QSize
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QPlainTextEdit, QTextEdit,
QMainWindow, QAction, qApp)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor, QPainter, QTextFormat, QKeySequence
class QLineNumberArea(QWidget):
def __init__(self, editor):
super().__init__(editor)
self.codeEditor = editor
def sizeHint(self):
return QSize(self.editor.lineNumberAreaWidth(), 0)
def paintEvent(self, event):
self.codeEditor.lineNumberAreaPaintEvent(event)
class QCodeEditor(QPlainTextEdit):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
self.lineNumberArea = QLineNumberArea(self)
self.blockCountChanged.connect(self.updateLineNumberAreaWidth)
self.updateRequest.connect(self.updateLineNumberArea)
self.cursorPositionChanged.connect(self.highlightCurrentLine)
self.updateLineNumberAreaWidth(0)
def lineNumberAreaWidth(self):
digits = 1
max_value = max(1, self.blockCount())
while max_value >= 10:
max_value /= 10
digits += 1
space = 3 + self.fontMetrics().width('9') * digits
return space
def updateLineNumberAreaWidth(self, _):
self.setViewportMargins(self.lineNumberAreaWidth(), 0, 0, 0)
def updateLineNumberArea(self, rect, dy):
if dy:
self.lineNumberArea.scroll(0, dy)
else:
self.lineNumberArea.update(0, rect.y(), self.lineNumberArea.width(), rect.height())
if rect.contains(self.viewport().rect()):
self.updateLineNumberAreaWidth(0)
def resizeEvent(self, event):
super().resizeEvent(event)
cr = self.contentsRect()
self.lineNumberArea.setGeometry(QRect(cr.left(), cr.top(), self.lineNumberAreaWidth(), cr.height()))
def highlightCurrentLine(self):
extraSelections = []
if not self.isReadOnly():
selection = QTextEdit.ExtraSelection()
lineColor = QColor(Qt.yellow).lighter(160)
selection.format.setBackground(lineColor)
selection.format.setProperty(QTextFormat.FullWidthSelection, True)
selection.cursor = self.textCursor()
selection.cursor.clearSelection()
extraSelections.append(selection)
self.setExtraSelections(extraSelections)
def lineNumberAreaPaintEvent(self, event):
painter = QPainter(self.lineNumberArea)
painter.fillRect(event.rect(), Qt.lightGray)
block = self.firstVisibleBlock()
blockNumber = block.blockNumber()
top = self.blockBoundingGeometry(block).translated(self.contentOffset()).top()
bottom = top + self.blockBoundingRect(block).height()
# Just to make sure I use the right font
height = self.fontMetrics().height()
while block.isValid() and (top <= event.rect().bottom()):
if block.isVisible() and (bottom >= event.rect().top()):
number = str(blockNumber + 1)
painter.setPen(Qt.black)
painter.drawText(0, top, self.lineNumberArea.width(), height, Qt.AlignRight, number)
block = block.next()
top = bottom
bottom = top + self.blockBoundingRect(block).height()
blockNumber += 1
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
class Writer(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.form_widget = QCodeEditor()
self.setCentralWidget(self.form_widget)
self.init_ui()
def init_ui(self):
# Create Menu Bar
bar = self.menuBar()
# Create Root Menus
file = bar.addMenu('&File')
edit = bar.addMenu('Edit')
# Create Actions for menus
save_action = QAction('Save', self)
save_action.setShortcuts(QKeySequence.Save)
new_action = QAction('New', self)
new_action.setShortcut('Ctrl+N')
quit_action = QAction('&Quit', self)
quit_action.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
find_action = QAction('Find...', self)
replace_action = QAction('Replace...', self)
# Add actions to Menus
file.addAction(new_action)
file.addAction(save_action)
file.addAction(quit_action)
find_menu = edit.addMenu('Find')
find_menu.addAction(find_action)
find_menu.addAction(replace_action)
# Events
# triggered - This signal is emitted when an action is activated by the user;
# for example, when the user clicks a menu option, toolbar button,
# or presses an action's shortcut key combination, or when trigger() was called.
quit_action.triggered.connect(self.quit_trigger)
file.triggered.connect(self.selected)
self.setWindowTitle("My Menus")
self.resize(600, 400)
self.show()
def quit_trigger(self):
qApp.quit()
def selected(self, q):
print(q.text() + ' selected')
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
#codeEditor = QCodeEditor()
#codeEditor.show()
writer = Writer()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
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