首页 > 解决方案 > Scala 泛型:数字

问题描述

我有以下 Java 代码:

import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class NumTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final List<Integer> list1 = Arrays.asList(1, 2);
        final List<Float> list2 = Arrays.asList(3.0f, 4.0f);
        final List<Double> list3 = Arrays.asList(5.0, 6.0);
        assertCloseEnough(list1, Arrays.asList(1.0, 2.0));
        assertCloseEnough(list2, Arrays.asList(3.0, 4.0));
        assertCloseEnough(list3, Arrays.asList(5.0, 6.0));
    }

    private static void assertCloseEnough(List<? extends Number> actuals, List<? extends Number> expecteds) {
        assert actuals.size() == expecteds.size();
        for(int i = 0; i < actuals.size(); i++) {
            System.err.println(actuals.get(i).doubleValue());
            assert Math.abs(actuals.get(i).doubleValue() - expecteds.get(i).doubleValue()) < 1E-10;
        }
    }
}

这可以按预期工作,您可以使用javac NumTest.java && java NumTest.

我的问题是:如何在 Scala 中编写等价物?

最直接的方法:

import Numeric.Implicits._

object TestNum extends App {

  assertCloseEnough(Seq(1,2), Seq(1.0, 2.0))
  assertCloseEnough(Seq(3.0f,4.0f), Seq(3.0, 4.0))
  assertCloseEnough(Seq(5.0,6.0), Seq(5.0, 6.0))

  def assertCloseEnough[N: Numeric](actuals: Seq[N], expecteds: Seq[N]): Unit = {
    assert(actuals.size == expecteds.size)
    val ad = actuals.map(implicitly[Numeric[N]].toDouble(_))
    val ed = expecteds.map(implicitly[Numeric[N]].toDouble(_))
    for (i <- expecteds.indices) {
      assert(Math.abs(ad(i) - ed(i)) < 1E-10)
    }
  }
}

不起作用:

TestNum1.scala:5: error: could not find implicit value for evidence parameter of type Numeric[AnyVal]
  assertCloseEnough(Seq(1,2), Seq(1.0, 2.0))
                   ^

稍微高级一点的版本:

import Numeric.Implicits._

object TestNum extends App {

  assertCloseEnough(Seq[Int](1,2), Seq[Double](1.0, 2.0))
  assertCloseEnough(Seq[Float](3.0f,4.0f), Seq[Double](3.0, 4.0))
  assertCloseEnough(Seq[Double](5.0,6.0), Seq[Double](5.0, 6.0))

  def assertCloseEnough[N: Numeric](actuals: Seq[N], expecteds: Seq[N]): Unit = {
    assert(actuals.size == expecteds.size)
    val ad = actuals.map(implicitly[Numeric[N]].toDouble(_))
    val ed = expecteds.map(implicitly[Numeric[N]].toDouble(_))
    for (i <- expecteds.indices) {
      assert(Math.abs(ad(i) - ed(i)) < 1E-10)
    }
  }
}

也不起作用,同样的错误。

在这里查看其他问题,例如Scala 泛型和数字隐式,我想出了以下内容:

import Numeric.Implicits._

object TestNum extends App {

  assertCloseEnough(Seq(1,2), Seq(1.0, 2.0))
  assertCloseEnough(Seq(3.0f,4.0f), Seq(3.0, 4.0))
  assertCloseEnough(Seq(5.0,6.0), Seq(5.0, 6.0))

  def assertCloseEnough[N: Numeric, T1 <% N, T2 <% N](actuals: Seq[T1], expecteds: Seq[T2]): Unit = {
    assert(actuals.size == expecteds.size)
    val ad = actuals.map(implicitly[Numeric[T1]].toDouble(_))
    val ed = expecteds.map(implicitly[Numeric[T2]].toDouble(_))
    for (i <- expecteds.indices) {
      assert(Math.abs(ad(i) - ed(i)) < 1E-10)
    }
  }
}

这也不起作用:

TestNum3.scala:5: error: ambiguous implicit values:
 both object BigIntIsIntegral in object Numeric of type scala.math.Numeric.BigIntIsIntegral.type
 and object IntIsIntegral in object Numeric of type scala.math.Numeric.IntIsIntegral.type
 match expected type Numeric[N]
  assertCloseEnough(Seq(1,2), Seq(1.0, 2.0))
                   ^

我在这里想念什么?我怎样才能让它工作?

标签: scalagenericsimplicit

解决方案


您的序列具有两种不同类型的元素,但您正试图将其参数化为一种。像这样的东西应该工作:

 def assertCloseEnough[N1, N2](expected: Seq[N1], actual: Seq[N2])(implicit e1: Numeric[N1], e2: Numeric[N2]) {
    assert(
      expected.size == actual.size &&
      (expected zip actual).forall { case (a,b) => 
         math.abs(e1.toDouble(a)-e2.toDouble(b)) < 1e-10
      }
   )
 }

此声明等效于,closeEnough[N1 : Numeric, N2 : Numeric]( ...)但在这种情况下更方便一些,因为它为“证据”隐含提供了实际名称,因此您不必使用implicitly[Numeric[N1]]...

此外,不要使用foo(i)Seq几乎总是一个坏主意。如果您确定需要随机访问(大多数情况下不需要),请IndexedSeq改用。


推荐阅读