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python - 用户投票后如何将投票更改为已投票？

问题描述

该代码运行良好。我唯一要更改的是在用户投票后将“投票”按钮提交到“已投票”，而不是显示错误消息“您已经投票”。这样用户在登录时就可以知道他已经投票了哪些选项下次投票

网址.py

   path('<slug>/',views.options,name='options'),
   path('<slug>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),

模型.py

 class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    slug = AutoSlugField(populate_from='name')
    details = models.TextField(blank=True)
    image = models.ImageField(blank=True,upload_to='categories')
    views = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    active = models.BooleanField(default=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "Categories"


class Option(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    slug = AutoSlugField(populate_from='name')
    image = models.ImageField(blank=True,upload_to='options')
    details = models.TextField()
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=CASCADE)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    active = models.BooleanField(default=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Vote(models.Model):
    option = models.ForeignKey(Option, on_delete=CASCADE)
    voter = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=CASCADE)
    slug = AutoSlugField(populate_from='option')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.voter

视图.py

def options(request,slug):
category = Category.objects.get(slug=slug)
category.views += 1
category.save()
options = category.option_set.all().order_by('-votes')
if request.method == "POST":
    if request.user.is_authenticated:
        form = CommentForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            comment = form.save(commit=False)
            comment.category = category
            comment.user = request.user
            comment.save()
            messages.success(request, 'Comment Posted.')
    else:
        messages.error(request, 'You have to login first to give comment')
        return redirect('rank:login')
else:
    form = CommentForm()
return render(request, 'rank/options.html', {'options': options,'form':form,'title': 'options','category':category})

def vote(request,slug):
if request.user.is_authenticated:
    option = Option.objects.get(slug=slug)
    category = option.category

    if Vote.objects.filter(slug=slug,voter_id=request.user.id).exists():
         messages.error(request,'You Already Voted!')
         return redirect('rank:options', category.slug)
    else:
        option.votes += 1
        option.save()
        voter = Vote(voter=request.user,option=option)
        voter.save()
        messages.success(request,'Voted.{} peoples also agree with you.'.format(option.votes-1))
        return redirect('rank:options',category.slug)
else:
    messages.error(request,"You have to login first to vote.")
    return redirect('rank:login')

选项.html

<ol type="1">
          <center>{% bootstrap_messages %}</center>
    {% for option in options %}

     <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 mb-6">
              <div class="card h-100">
                <div class="card-body">
                    <b><li>
                  <img src="/media/{{option.image}}" width="400" height="300">
                 <h4>{{option.name}}
                  </h4>
                  <h5 class="card-text">{{ option.details}}</h5>
                      <h5>{{ option.votes }} votes</h5>
                       <form action="{% url 'rank:vote' option.slug %}" method="post">
                           {% csrf_token %}
                <input type="submit" class="btn btn-success" value="Vote" >
                       </form>
                         </li></b>
                </div>
                <div class="card-footer">
                  <small class="text-muted"></small>
                </div>


              </div>
                </div>
         {% empty %}
    <div class="card w-100">
    <div class="card-body">
        <h4>Item not available</h4>
    </div>
    </div>

    {% endfor %}
     </ol>

标签： pythondjango

解决方案

实现这一点的最简单方法可能是为每个选项添加一个属性，以指示当前登录的用户在将选项传递给模板之前是否对该选项进行了投票。

例如：

def options(request,slug):
    category = Category.objects.get(slug=slug)
    category.views += 1
    category.save()
    options = category.option_set.all().order_by('-votes')

    # Indicate whether the user has voted or not
    for option in options:
        option.has_voted = option.vote_set.filter(voter=request.user).exists()

    ...

    return render(request, 'rank/options.html', {'options': options,'form':form,'title': 'options','category':category})

然后您可以has_voted在渲染按钮时检查模板中的属性：

{% if option.has_voted %}
    You already voted
{% else %}
    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-success" value="Vote" >
{% endif %}

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