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wpf - 什么样的事情可能会导致 OutOfMemoryException？

问题描述

我遇到了内存不足异常的问题，App_DispatcherUnhandledException 捕获了错误消息（一些错误消息中的 1 条）：

Message: Zgłoszono wyjątek typu 'System.OutOfMemoryException'. Source: PresentationFramework 

StackTrace:   
 w System.Windows.TreeChangeInfo.CreateParentInheritableProperties(DependencyObject d, DependencyObject parent, Boolean isAddOperation)
   w System.Windows.TreeWalkHelper.InvalidateOnTreeChange(FrameworkElement fe, FrameworkContentElement fce, DependencyObject parent, Boolean isAddOperation)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.OnVisualParentChanged(DependencyObject oldParent)
   w System.Windows.Media.Visual.FireOnVisualParentChanged(DependencyObject oldParent)
   w System.Windows.Media.Visual.AddVisualChild(Visual child)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.set_TemplateChild(UIElement value)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkTemplate.WireRootObjectToParent(Object createdObject, DependencyObject rootObject, DependencyObject container, FrameworkElement feContainer, INameScope nameScope)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkTemplate.HandleBeforeProperties(Object createdObject, DependencyObject& rootObject, DependencyObject container, FrameworkElement feContainer, INameScope nameScope)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkTemplate.<>c__DisplayClass45_0.<LoadOptimizedTemplateContent>b__2(Object sender, XamlObjectEventArgs args)
   w System.Xaml.XamlObjectWriter.OnBeforeProperties(Object value)
   w System.Xaml.XamlObjectWriter.Logic_CreateAndAssignToParentStart(ObjectWriterContext ctx)
   w System.Xaml.XamlObjectWriter.WriteEndObject()
   w System.Xaml.XamlWriter.WriteNode(XamlReader reader)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkTemplate.LoadTemplateXaml(XamlReader templateReader, XamlObjectWriter currentWriter)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkTemplate.LoadTemplateXaml(XamlObjectWriter objectWriter)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkTemplate.LoadOptimizedTemplateContent(DependencyObject container, IComponentConnector componentConnector, IStyleConnector styleConnector, List`1 affectedChildren, UncommonField`1 templatedNonFeChildrenField)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkTemplate.LoadContent(DependencyObject container, List`1 affectedChildren)
   w System.Windows.StyleHelper.ApplyTemplateContent(UncommonField`1 dataField, DependencyObject container, FrameworkElementFactory templateRoot, Int32 lastChildIndex, HybridDictionary childIndexFromChildID, FrameworkTemplate frameworkTemplate)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkTemplate.ApplyTemplateContent(UncommonField`1 templateDataField, FrameworkElement container)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.ApplyTemplate()
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Control.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewCellsPanel.MeasureCell(IColumnElement column, GridViewCellBase cell, Size size)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewCellsPanel.RealizeAndMeasureCells(Int32 startIndex, Int32 predictedLastIndex, Func`2 calculateLastIndex)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewCellsPanel.UpdateVirtualizedCells()
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewCellsPanel.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w MS.Internal.Helper.MeasureElementWithSingleChild(UIElement element, Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.Controls.ItemsPresenter.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Control.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCell(Int32 cell, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV, Boolean& hasDesiredSizeUChanged)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Border.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Control.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewRowItem.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewVirtualizingPanel.FlatLayoutStrategy.RealizeRows(Int32 startIndex, Int32 endIndex, Double& verticalOffset, HashSet`1& realizedRows)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewVirtualizingPanel.FlatLayoutStrategy.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewVirtualizingPanel.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w MS.Internal.Helper.MeasureElementWithSingleChild(UIElement element, Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.Controls.ScrollContentPresenter.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCell(Int32 cell, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV, Boolean& hasDesiredSizeUChanged)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.ScrollViewer.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewScrollViewer.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCell(Int32 cell, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV, Boolean& hasDesiredSizeUChanged)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Control.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w Telerik.Windows.Controls.GridView.GridViewDataControl.MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCell(Int32 cell, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV, Boolean& hasDesiredSizeUChanged)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCell(Int32 cell, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV, Boolean& hasDesiredSizeUChanged)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureCellsGroup(Int32 cellsHead, Size referenceSize, Boolean ignoreDesiredSizeU, Boolean forceInfinityV)
   w System.Windows.Controls.Grid.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w MS.Internal.Helper.MeasureElementWithSingleChild(UIElement element, Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.Controls.ContentPresenter.MeasureOverride(Size constraint)
   w System.Windows.FrameworkElement.MeasureCore(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.UIElement.Measure(Size availableSize)
   w System.Windows.ContextLayoutManager.UpdateLayout()
   w System.Windows.ContextLayoutManager.UpdateLayoutCallback(Object arg)
   w System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.InvokeOnRenderCallback.DoWork()
   w System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.FireInvokeOnRenderCallbacks()
   w System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.RenderMessageHandlerCore(Object resizedCompositionTarget)
   w System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.RenderMessageHandler(Object resizedCompositionTarget)
   w System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
   w System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler)

HResult: -2147024882

以下是一些信息：

我被困住了，不知道在哪里寻找潜在问题。优化花了我数周时间，而且进展顺利——我设法修复了典型的内存泄漏和内存分配问题，有时应用程序需要手动启动 GC.Collect()，但这种情况很少发生。也没有模式，当 OutOfMemoryException 命中时，我不知道在哪里寻找问题。

最后一件事，在我看来，由于经典的 WPF 内存增长（应用程序在几个小时内从 60K 到 1.5k 的 ram 使用量），该应用程序对于 WPF 来说太大了，但我别无选择，只能解决这个问题。

编辑

我不是 RDS 环境的管理员，有另一位工程师在做部署和管理，也许他可能做了一些改变，开始导致这个问题？

标签： wpftelerikout-of-memory

解决方案

很难找出这样的确切原因，但我可以建议一些故障排除机制。

  1. 您的堆栈跟踪表明您正在使用 Telerik gridview。尝试将其注释掉或用普通的 gridview 替换，看看异常是否仍然出现。这样至少你可以确定哪个元素是罪魁祸首。一旦您确认是哪个元素导致了问题，请尝试通过从相同类型继承来创建自定义控件。然后在所有方法中添加日志调用基本方法。这样您就不会失去功能，同时可以确认出了什么问题。

  2. 检查您是否遇到某种无限循环。调用堆栈表明，当它尝试渲染所有元素时，内存不足。如果涉及某种太大的 ItemSource 或使用了循环相关控件，则可能会出现这种情况。

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