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c# - 我的数据库不会更新，我的连接字符串有问题

问题描述

我多年来一直试图解决这个问题，我尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有任何效果。我已经成功完成了迁移，现在我的项目有了一个迁移文件。我正在尝试更新我的数据库，但每次尝试都会失败。

作为记录，我正在使用 Macbook 并为项目使用 Visual Code。我在命令行中输入了这个

dotnet ef database update InitialCreate

我也试过这个：

dotnet ef database update -c LoanContext Development

这是我输入上述内容时在命令行中显示的内容

Build started...
Build succeeded.
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure[10403]  

Entity Framework Core 2.2.6-servicing-10079 initialized 'LoanContext' using provider 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer' with options: None

System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904)：建立与 SQL Server 的连接时发生与网络相关或特定于实例的错误。服务器未找到或无法访问。验证实例名称是否正确以及 SQL Server 是否配置为允许远程连接。（提供者：TCP 提供者，错误：25 - 连接字符串无效）

System.Net.Sockets.SocketException (0x80004005)：未定义错误：0

在 System.Data.SqlClient.SNI.SSRP.GetPortByInstanceName（字符串 browserHostName，字符串 instanceName）
在 System.Data.SqlClient.SNI.SNIProxy.CreateTcpHandle（DataSource 详细信息，Int64 timerExpire，对象 callbackObject，布尔并行）在 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds..ctor（DbConnectionPoolIdentity 标识，SqlConnectionString connectionOptions，SqlCredential 凭据，对象 providerInfo，字符串newPassword, SecureString newSecurePassword, Boolean redirectedUserInstance, SqlConnectionString userConnectionOptions, SessionData reconnectSessionData, Boolean applyTransientFaultHandling, String accessToken) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionFactory.CreateConnection(DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, Object poolGroupProviderInfo, DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory。CreatePooledConnection(DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject) , DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject,任务完成源任务完成源任务完成源任务完成源任务完成源DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSourceDbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSourceDbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSourceDbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSourceDbConnectionOptions userOptions) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase。 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection（DbConnection owningObject，TaskCompletionSourceDbConnectionOptions userOptions) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase。 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection（DbConnection owningObject，TaskCompletionSourceDbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal&连接）在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection（DbConnection owningObject，TaskCompletionSourceDbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal&连接）在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection（DbConnection owningObject，TaskCompletionSourceUInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSourceUInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) 在 System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSource1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningConnection, TaskCompletionSourceSystem.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionInternal.TryOpenConnectionInternal(DbConnection outerConnection, DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory, TaskCompletionSource 1 重试, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection, DbConnectionInternal& 连接) 在1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionClosed.TryOpenConnection(DbConnection outerConnection, DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory, TaskCompletionSourceSystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.TryOpen(TaskCompletionSource 1 retry) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.Open() at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.RelationalConnection.OpenDbConnection(Boolean errorsExpected) at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.RelationalConnection.Open(Boolean errorsExpected) at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Storage.Internal.SqlServerDatabaseCreator.<>c__DisplayClass18_0.<Exists>b__0(DateTime giveUp) at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ExecutionStrategyExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass12_02. b__0(DbContext c, TState s) 在 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Storage.Internal.SqlServerExecutionStrategy.Execute[TState,TResult](TState state, Func 3 operation, Func3 verifySucceeded) 在 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ExecutionStrategyExtensions.Execute[TState,TResult](IExecutionStrategy策略, 功能2 operation, Func2 verifySucceeded, TState state) at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ExecutionStrategyExtensions.Execute[TState,TResult](IExecutionStrategy strategy, TState state, Func`2 operation) at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Storage.Internal.SqlServerDatabaseCreator.Exists(Boolean retryOnNotExists) at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Storage.Internal.SqlServerDatabaseCreator.Exists() 在 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations.HistoryRepository.Exists() 在 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations.Internal.Migrator.Migrate(String targetMigration) 在 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design。 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.UpdateDatabase.<>c__DisplayClass0_1.<.ctor>b__0() 的 Internal.MigrationsOperations.UpdateDatabase(String targetMigration, String contextType)。EntityFrameworkCore.Design.OperationExecutor.OperationBase.Execute（动作动作）

ClientConnectionId:00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000

建立与 SQL Server 的连接时发生与网络相关或特定于实例的错误。服务器未找到或无法访问。验证实例名称是否正确以及 SQL Server 是否配置为允许远程连接。（提供者：TCP 提供者，错误：25 - 连接字符串无效）

这是我的appsettings.json文件

"Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Warning"
    }
},
"AllowedHosts": "*",
"connectionStrings": {
    "DevConnection": "server=(local)\\sqlexpress;Database=LoanDB;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True"
}

我的 startup.cs 文件中的代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using WebAPI.Models;

namespace WebAPI
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);

            services.AddDbContext<LoanContext>(options =>
            options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DevConnection")));
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                // The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
                app.UseHsts();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseMvc();
        }
    }
}

我还尝试通过此站点https://www.connectionstrings.com/sql-server-2012/更改连接字符串。没有任何效果，对此的任何帮助将不胜感激。

标签： c#sql-serverasp.net-web-apientity-framework-coreasp.net-core-webapi

解决方案

您是否为 SQL Server 实例启用了 TCP？

启动 SQL Server 配置管理器并展开 SQL Server 网络配置和协议并检查值。以下示例显示 TCP/IP 已禁用 - 如果已禁用，则右键单击它并将其设置为启用并重新启动您的实例。

在此处输入图像描述

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