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python - 从文本文件填充字典？

问题描述

所以我有一个看起来像这样的文本文件：

Monstera Deliciosa
2018-11-03 18:21:26
Tropical/sub-Tropical plant
Leathery leaves, mid to dark green
Moist and well-draining soil
Semi-shade/full shade light requirements
Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry
Intolerant to root rot
Propagate by cuttings in water

Strelitzia Nicolai (White Birds of Paradise)
2018-11-05 10:12:15
Semi-shade, full sun
Dark green leathery leaves
Like lots of water,but soil cannot be water-logged
Like to be root bound in pot

Alocasia Macrorrhizos
2019-01-03 15:29:10
Tropical asia
Moist and well-draining soil
Leaves and stem toxic upon ingestion
Semi-shade, full sun
Like lots of water, less susceptible to root rot
Susceptible to spider mites

我想从此文件中创建一个字典，其中植物的名称作为字典的键，其余信息作为值放入列表中。到目前为止，我已经设法将每种植物及其各自的信息作为列表中的一个项目获取，但我不确定如何将其转换为字典。

    with open('myplants.txt', 'r') as f:
        contents = f.read()
        contents = contents.rstrip().split('\n\n')
        contents = [x.replace('\n', ', ') for x in contents]
    print(contents)#[0].split(',',0)[0])

预期输出：

plants = {'Monstera Deliciosa':['2018-11-03 18:21:26', 'Tropical/sub-Tropical plant', 'Leathery leaves, mid to dark green', 'Moist and well-draining soil', 'Semi-shade/full shade light requirements', 'Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry', 'Intolerant to root rot', 'Propagate by cuttings in water'], 'Strelitzia Nicolai (White Birds of Paradise)': ... }

我愿意接受更好的字典应该是什么样子的格式。

标签： pythonpython-3.xdictionaryfile-handling

解决方案

这是一个可扩展的解决方案，可避免读取内存中的整个文件。

它利用了文本文件可以用作产生每一行的迭代器这一事实

import itertools as it

plants = {}
with open('myplants.txt') as f:
    while True:
        try:
            p = next(f).rstrip()
            plants[p] = list(l.rstrip() for l in it.takewhile(lambda line: line != '\n', f))
        except StopIteration:
            break

print(plants)

生产

{
 'Monstera Deliciosa': ['2018-11-03 18:21:26', 'Tropical/sub-Tropical plant', 'Leathery leaves, mid to dark green', 'Moist and well-draining soil', 'Semi-shade/full shade light requirements', 'Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry', 'Intolerant to root rot', 'Propagate by cuttings in water'],
 'Strelitzia Nicolai (White Birds of Paradise)': ['2018-11-05 10:12:15', 'Semi-shade, full sun', 'Dark green leathery leaves', 'Like lots of water,but soil cannot be water-logged', 'Like to be root bound in pot'],
 'Alocasia Macrorrhizos': ['2019-01-03 15:29:10', 'Tropical asia', 'Moist and well-draining soil', 'Leaves and stem toxic upon ingestion', 'Semi-shade, full sun', 'Like lots of water, less susceptible to root rot', 'Susceptible to spider mites']
}

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