首页 > 解决方案 > Rpart vs. caret rpart“错误:重采样的性能度量中存在缺失值”

问题描述

我使用 caret 包并尝试使用 rpart 方法。有趣的是,我可以用通用 rpart 包拟合模型,但是一旦我使用 caret 包,它就不再起作用了。更让我困惑的是,我在各种网站上看到插入符号中的 rpart 被用于波士顿数据。

我很困惑我是否错误地实现了模型,或者我是否在这里错过了一点。对于 rpart_tree2(如下),我收​​到以下错误消息:“在nominalTrainWorkflow(x = x, y = y, wts = weights, info = trainInfo, : There are missing values in resampled performance measure."

我知道我也可以指定例如repeatcv,但这对错误消息没有影响。

您会在下面找到一个 MWE(我尽量让它尽可能简单):

library(caret)
library(rpart)

data("Boston")

index <- sample(nrow(Boston),nrow(Boston)*0.75)
Boston.train <- Boston[index,]
Boston.test <- Boston[-index,]

rpart_tree1 <- rpart(medv ~ ., data = Boston.train)

rpart_tree2 <- train(medv ~., data = Boston.train, method = "rpart")

标签: rr-caretrpart

解决方案


警告不是问题。

在某些重采样中使用较大的cp值,生成的树没有分裂。当一棵树没有分裂时,预测值是训练结果值的平均值。由于预测值没有方差,因此cor函数会发出警告,结果为NA. 此函数用于计算 RSquared - 因此对于这些重新采样,RSquared 是NA- 换句话说,它缺少 - 警告所暗示的内容。

例子:

library(caret)
library(rpart)
library(MASS)
data(Boston)

set.seed(1)
index <- sample(nrow(Boston),nrow(Boston)*0.75)
Boston.train <- Boston[index,]
Boston.test <- Boston[-index,]

cp不产生警告:

rpart_tree2 <- train(medv ~., data = Boston.train, method = "rpart",
                     tuneGrid = data.frame(cp = c(0.01, 0.05, 0.1)))

当我指定更高的 cp 和特定的种子时:

set.seed(111)
rpart_tree3 <- train(medv ~., data = Boston.train, method = "rpart",
                     tuneGrid = data.frame(cp = c(0.4)),
                     trControl = trainControl(savePredictions = TRUE))

Warning message:
In nominalTrainWorkflow(x = x, y = y, wts = weights, info = trainInfo,  :
  There were missing values in resampled performance measures.

检查问题:

rpart_tree3$resample
        RMSE  Rsquared      MAE   Resample
1   7.530482 0.4361392 5.708437 Resample01
2   7.334995 0.2350619 5.392867 Resample02
3   7.178178 0.3971089 5.511530 Resample03
4   6.369189 0.2798907 4.851146 Resample04
5   7.550175 0.3344412 5.566677 Resample05
6   7.019099 0.4270561 5.160572 Resample06
7   7.197384 0.4530680 5.665177 Resample07
8   7.206760 0.3447690 5.290300 Resample08
9   7.408748 0.4553087 5.513998 Resample09
10  7.241468 0.4119979 5.452725 Resample10
11  7.562511 0.3967082 5.768643 Resample11
12  7.347378 0.3861702 5.225532 Resample12
13  7.124039 0.4039857 5.599800 Resample13
14  7.151013 0.3301835 5.490676 Resample14
15  6.518536 0.3835073 4.938662 Resample15
16 10.008008        NA 7.174290 Resample16
17  7.018742 0.4431380 5.379823 Resample17
18  7.454669 0.3888220 6.000062 Resample18
19  6.745457 0.3772237 5.175481 Resample19
20  6.864304 0.4179276 5.089924 Resample20
21  7.238874 0.2378432 5.234752 Resample21
22  7.581736 0.3707839 5.543641 Resample22
23  7.236317 0.3431725 5.278693 Resample23
24  7.232241 0.4196955 5.518907 Resample24
25  6.641846 0.3664023 4.683834 Resample25

我们可以看到问题发生在 Resample16

library(tidyverse)
rpart_tree3$pred %>%
  filter(Resample == "Resample16") -> for_cor
head(for_cor)
      pred  obs rowIndex  cp   Resample
1 21.87018 15.6        1 0.4 Resample16
2 21.87018 22.3        3 0.4 Resample16
3 21.87018 13.4        6 0.4 Resample16
4 21.87018 12.7       10 0.4 Resample16
5 21.87018 18.6       11 0.4 Resample16
6 21.87018 19.0       13 0.4 Resample16

我们可以看到 pred 对于每一行都是相同的Resample16

 cor(for_cor$pred, for_cor$obs, use = "pairwise.complete.obs")
[1] NA
Warning message:
In cor(for_cor$pred, for_cor$obs, use = "pairwise.complete.obs") :
  the standard deviation is zero

要查看如何在插入符号中计算 Rsquared,请查看postResample. 基本上cor(pred, obs)^2


推荐阅读