python - 在 tkinter 窗口中实现 Vkeyboard 导致错误：AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'insert'
问题描述
我正在 tkinter 中编写代码，我希望用户可以在其中双击文本并使用虚拟键盘对其进行编辑。
from tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk, ImageSequence
import pygame
import cv2
import numpy as np
import os
class tkinterApp(Tk):
# __init__ function for class tkinterApp
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
# __init__ function for class Tk
Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
# creating a container
container = Frame(self)
container.pack(side = "top", fill = "both", expand = True)
# initializing frames to an empty array
self.frames = {}
# iterating through a tuple consisting
# of the different page layouts
for F in (Page1,Page2):
frame = F(container, self)
# initializing frame of that object from
# startpage, page1, page2 respectively with
# for loop
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky ="nsew")
self.update()
self.show_frame(Page1)
# to display the current frame passed as
# parameter
def show_frame(self, cont): # cont = page_name
if cont not in self.frames:
self.frames[cont] = cont(self.container, self)
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
frame.event_generate("<<ShowFrame>>")
class Page1(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
pygame.mixer.init()
self.bind("<<ShowFrame>>", self.myPage1)
def myPage1(self,controller):
super(Page1).__init__()
canvas = Canvas(self,width=2300, height=900, bd=0, highlightthickness=0, relief='ridge')
canvas.pack()
canvas1 = Canvas(canvas, width=2000, height=500, bd=0, highlightthickness=0, relief='ridge')
canvas.create_window(730,600,window=canvas1)
self.background = PhotoImage(file="Images/background.png")
canvas.create_image(525,425,image=self.background, tags="B")
self.canvas_textbox = canvas.create_text(290, 250, text='SOME TEXT', anchor=NW,fill="cyan", font=('Orbitron',72))
def highlight(item):
# mark focused item. note that this code recreates the
# rectangle for each update, but that's fast enough for
# this case.
bbox = canvas.bbox(item)
canvas.delete("highlight")
if bbox:
i = canvas.create_rectangle(
bbox, fill="",
tag="highlight"
)
canvas.lower(i, item)
def has_focus():
return canvas.focus()
def has_selection():
# hack to work around bug in Tkinter 1.101 (Python 1.5.1)
return canvas.tk.call(canvas._w, 'select', 'item')
def set_focus(event):
print("set_focus")
if canvas.type(CURRENT) != "text":
return
highlight(CURRENT)
# move focus to item
canvas.focus_set() # move focus to canvas
canvas.focus(CURRENT) # set focus to text item
canvas.select_from(CURRENT, 0)
canvas.select_to(CURRENT, END)
def handle_key(event):
print("handle_key")
# widget-wide key dispatcher
item = has_focus()
if not item:
return
elif event.keysym == 'Return':
canvas.delete("highlight")
print(canvas.focus(""))
insert = canvas.index(item, INSERT)
if event.char >= " ":
# printable character
if has_selection():
canvas.dchars(item, SEL_FIRST, SEL_LAST)
canvas.select_clear()
canvas.insert(item, "insert", event.char)
highlight(item)
elif event.keysym == "BackSpace":
if has_selection():
canvas.dchars(item, SEL_FIRST, SEL_LAST)
canvas.select_clear()
else:
if insert > 0:
canvas.dchars(item, insert-1, insert)
highlight(item)
# navigation
elif event.keysym == "Home":
canvas.icursor(item, 0)
canvas.select_clear()
elif event.keysym == "End":
canvas.icursor(item, END)
canvas.select_clear()
elif event.keysym == "Right":
canvas.icursor(item, insert+1)
canvas.select_clear()
elif event.keysym == "Left":
canvas.icursor(item, insert-1)
canvas.select_clear()
else:
pass # print event.keysym
# standard bindings
canvas.bind("<Double-Button-1>", set_focus)
canvas.bind("<Key>", handle_key)
buttons = [
'1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '=',
'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', '<-',
'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', ';', '"',
'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n', 'm', ',', '.', '/', 'SHIFT',
' Space ',
]
curBut = [-1,-1]
buttonL = [[]]
#entry = Text(Keyboard_App, width=97, height=8)
#entry.grid(row=0, columnspan=15)
varRow = 1
varColumn = 0
def leftKey(event):
if curBut == [-1,-1]:
curBut[:] = [0,0]
buttonL[0][0].configure(highlightbackground='red')
elif curBut[0] == 4:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [0,10]
buttonL[0][10].configure(highlightbackground='red')
else:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [curBut[0], (curBut[1]-1)%11]
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]%11].configure(highlightbackground='red')
def rightKey(event):
if curBut == [-1,-1]:
curBut[:] = [0,0]
buttonL[0][0].configure(highlightbackground='red')
elif curBut[0] == 4:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [0,0]
buttonL[0][0].configure(highlightbackground='red')
else:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [curBut[0], (curBut[1]+1)%11]
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]%11].configure(highlightbackground='red')
def upKey(event):
if curBut == [-1,-1]:
curBut[:] = [0,0]
buttonL[0][0].configure(highlightbackground='red')
elif curBut[0] == 0:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [(curBut[0]-1)%5, 0]
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]%11].configure(highlightbackground='red')
else:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [(curBut[0]-1)%5, curBut[1]]
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]%11].configure(highlightbackground='red')
def downKey(event):
if curBut == [-1,-1]:
curBut[:] = [0,0]
buttonL[0][0].configure(highlightbackground='red')
elif curBut[0] == 3:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [(curBut[0]+1)%5, 0]
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]%11].configure(highlightbackground='red')
else:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [(curBut[0]+1)%5, curBut[1]]
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]%11].configure(highlightbackground='red')
def select(value, x, y):
if curBut != [-1,-1]:
buttonL[curBut[0]][curBut[1]].configure(highlightbackground='#d9d9d9')
curBut[:] = [x,y]
buttonL[x][y].configure(highlightbackground='red')
if value == "<-":
input = self.canvas_textbox.get("1.0", 'end-2c')
self.canvas_textbox.delete("1.0", END)
self.canvas_textbox.insert("1.0", input, END)
elif value == " Space ":
self.canvas_textbox.insert(END, ' ')
elif value == "Tab":
self.canvas_textbox.insert(END, ' ')
else:
self.canvas_textbox.insert(END, value)
for button in buttons:
if button != " Space ":
but = Button(canvas1, text=button, width=5, bg="#000000", fg="#ffffff", highlightthickness=4,
activebackground="#ffffff", activeforeground="#000000", relief="raised", padx=12,
pady=4, bd=4, command=lambda x=button, i=varRow-1, j=varColumn: select(x, i, j))
buttonL[varRow-1].append(but)
but.grid(row=varRow, column=varColumn)
if button == " Space ":
but = Button(canvas1, text=button, width=60, bg="#000000", fg="#ffffff", highlightthickness=4,
activebackground="#ffffff", activeforeground="#000000", relief="raised", padx=4,
pady=4, bd=4, command=lambda x=button, i=varRow-1, j=varColumn: select(x, i, j))
buttonL[varRow-1].append(but)
but.grid(row=6, columnspan=16)
varColumn += 1
if varColumn > 10:
varColumn = 0
varRow += 1
buttonL.append([])
canvas1.bind('<Left>', leftKey)
canvas1.bind('<Right>', rightKey)
canvas1.bind('<Up>', upKey)
canvas1.bind('<Down>', downKey)
class Page2(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
self.bind("<<ShowFrame>>", self.myPage2)
def myPage2(self,controller):
super(Page2).__init__()
canvas = Canvas(self,width=2300, height=900, bd=0, highlightthickness=0, relief='ridge')
canvas.pack()
self.background = PhotoImage(file="Images/background.png")
canvas.create_image(525,425,image=self.background, tags="B")
canvas.create_text(140,376, fill="cyan",text="Second Frame")
app = tkinterApp()
app.title("Test")
app.mainloop()
我的代码工作正常，直到我双击文本，但是当我按下虚拟键盘上的任何按钮时，它会引发以下错误，
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python\Python37\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1702, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File "C:\test.py", line 258, in <lambda>
pady=4, bd=4, command=lambda x=button, i=varRow-1, j=varColumn: select(x, i, j))
File "C:\test.py", line 252, in select
self.canvas_textbox.insert(END, value)
AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'insert'
请帮助我找出发生这种情况的确切原因以及如何使事情按我想要的方式工作。
解决方案
canvas.create_text不会创建 Text 小部件，因此您不能使用 Text 小部件方法。你不能使用这个：
self.canvas_textbox = canvas.create_text(290, 250, text='ZUBAIR SIDDIQUI', anchor=NW,fill="cyan", font=('Orbitron',72))
相反，您需要创建一个真正的 Text 小部件，并使用该create_window方法将其放置在画布中。作为猜测（未经测试）：
self.canvas_textbox = Text(canvas, bg="cyan", font=('Orbitron',72))
self.canvas_textbox.insert("1.0", 'ZUBAIR SIDDIQUI')
canvas.create_window(290, 250, window=self.canvas_textbox, anchor=NW)
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