sql - 在 SQL 中将行转换为列的查询
问题描述
这是我的查询:
与 Q1 作为 ( 选择 *, LAG(ignition) over (ORDER BY [timestamp]) 作为 PrevStatus, LEAD(ignition) over (order by [timestamp]) as NextStatus FROM车辆历史表 WHERE plateno='Crematory' 和时间戳在 '2021-09-02 00:00:10.00' 和 '2021-09-02 23:59:59.00' 之间 ), Q2 为 ( 选择 *, ROW_NUMBER() over(按时间戳排序)为 rn, LAG([volume1]) OVER (ORDER BY [timestamp]) AS VolumeIgOff 从第一季度开始 其中 PrevStatus 为空或 NextStatus 是否为空(点火 = PrevStatus 和点火 = NextStatus) ), Q3 为 ( 选择 a.timestamp、a.ignition、a.volume1 从 Q2 作为 在 b.rn = a.rn + 1 上将 Q2 内连接为 b 其中 a.rn % 2 0 ) 选择 时间戳 AS IgnitionOn, 点火, [第 1 卷] AS FuelLevelON 从第三季度开始 按时间戳排序
这是我目前的结果:
点火点火 FuelLevelON 2021-09-02 00:00:10.00 1 251.35 2021-09-02 00:39:09.00 0 251.35 2021-09-02 00:48:34.00 1 251.35 2021-09-02 03:24:31.00 0 208.1178 2021-09-02 03:37:22.00 1 208.1178 2021-09-02 04:59:37.00 0 181.4747 2021-09-02 05:17:14.00 1 181.4747 2021-09-02 06:20:27.00 0 159.8586 2021-09-02 06:22:29.00 1 159.8586 2021-09-02 07:30:41.00 0 140.2533 2021-09-02 11:29:38.00 1 141.2587 2021-09-02 12:41:52.00 0 117.6318 2021-09-02 12:43:22.00 1 117.6318 2021-09-02 14:07:43.00 0 254.3662 2021-09-02 14:23:49.00 1 254.3662 2021-09-02 15:31:14.00 0 238.2798 2021-09-02 15:41:02.00 1 238.2798 2021-09-02 16:46:55.00 0 218.6745 2021-09-02 16:48:25.00 1 218.6745 2021-09-02 17:55:06.00 0 196.5557 2021-09-02 18:09:03.00 1 196.5557 2021-09-02 19:09:37.00 0 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:30:26.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 20:56:53.00 0 152.8208 2021-09-02 21:01:40.00 1 152.8208 2021-09-02 22:08:59.00 0 135.729
这是我的预期结果:
点火开 点火关 2021-09-02 00:00:10.00 2021-09-02 00:39:09.00 2021-09-02 00:48:34.00 2021-09-02 03:24:31.00 2021-09-02 03:37:22.00 2021-09-02 04:59:37.00 2021-09-02 05:17:14.00 2021-09-02 06:20:27.00 2021-09-02 06:22:29.00 2021-09-02 07:30:41.00 2021-09-02 11:29:38.00 2021-09-02 12:41:52.00 2021-09-02 12:43:22.00 2021-09-02 14:07:43.00 2021-09-02 14:23:49.00 2021-09-02 15:31:14.00 2021-09-02 15:41:02.00 2021-09-02 16:46:55.00 2021-09-02 16:48:25.00 2021-09-02 17:55:06.00 2021-09-02 18:09:03.00 2021-09-02 19:09:37.00 2021-09-02 19:30:26.00 2021-09-02 20:56:53.00 2021-09-02 21:01:40.00 2021-09-02 22:08:59.00
这是我的源数据车辆历史表:
时间戳点火量1 2021-09-02 22:10:11.00 0 135.729 2021-09-02 22:09:11.00 0 135.729 2021-09-02 22:08:59.00 0 135.729 2021-09-02 21:01:40.00 1 152.8208 2021-09-02 21:01:23.00 0 152.8208 2021-09-02 21:01:12.00 0 152.8208 2021-09-02 21:00:13.00 0 152.8208 2021-09-02 20:59:11.00 0 153.3235 2021-09-02 20:58:15.00 0 153.3235 2021-09-02 20:57:11.00 0 152.8208 2021-09-02 20:56:53.00 0 152.8208 2021-09-02 19:36:13.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:35:15.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:34:11.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:33:10.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:32:17.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:31:24.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:30:42.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:30:26.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:16:15.00 0 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:14:12.00 0 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:10:11.00 0 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:09:37.00 0 174.9396 2021-09-02 19:09:13.00 1 174.9396 2021-09-02 18:09:03.00 1 196.5557 2021-09-02 18:01:15.00 0 196.5557 2021-09-02 17:59:11.00 0 196.5557 2021-09-02 17:58:11.00 0 196.5557 2021-09-02 17:57:17.00 0 196.5557 2021-09-02 17:56:12.00 0 196.5557 2021-09-02 17:55:18.00 0 196.5557 2021-09-02 17:55:06.00 0 196.5557 2021-09-02 16:48:25.00 1 218.6745 2021-09-02 16:47:11.00 0 218.6745 2021-09-02 16:46:55.00 0 218.6745 2021-09-02 16:46:11.00 1 218.6745 2021-09-02 15:57:11.00 1 232.2474 2021-09-02 15:41:19.00 1 238.2798 2021-09-02 15:41:02.00 1 238.2798 2021-09-02 15:35:11.00 0 238.2798 2021-09-02 15:31:14.00 0 238.2798 2021-09-02 14:24:05.00 1 254.3662 2021-09-02 14:23:49.00 1 254.3662 2021-09-02 14:07:43.00 0 254.3662 2021-09-02 12:44:10.00 1 117.6318 2021-09-02 12:43:33.00 1 117.6318 2021-09-02 12:43:22.00 1 117.6318 2021-09-02 12:42:10.00 0 117.6318 2021-09-02 12:41:52.00 0 117.6318 2021-09-02 11:29:38.00 1 141.2587 2021-09-02 07:30:41.00 0 140.2533 2021-09-02 06:22:29.00 1 159.8586 2021-09-02 06:22:10.00 0 159.8586 2021-09-02 06:21:17.00 0 159.8586 2021-09-02 06:20:27.00 0 159.8586 2021-09-02 05:17:14.00 1 181.4747 2021-09-02 04:59:37.00 0 181.4747 2021-09-02 03:37:22.00 1 208.1178 2021-09-02 03:24:31.00 0 208.1178 2021-09-02 00:48:34.00 1 251.35 2021-09-02 00:39:09.00 0 251.35 2021-09-02 00:03:09.00 1 251.35 2021-09-02 00:02:10.00 1 251.35 2021-09-02 00:01:11.00 1 251.35 2021-09-02 00:00:10.00 1 251.35
解决方案
这就是所谓的差距和孤岛问题。
由于您只有两种状态,因此您只需查找从0
to的转换1
。随着时间的推移,总结会给你一个'partition_id';每个分区以连续的 1 开始并以连续的 0 结束。
拥有这些组后,条件聚合将找到组中的第一个 1(打开)和组中的第一个 0(关闭)。
WITH
transitions AS
(
SELECT
vehiclehistorytable.*,
CASE WHEN LAG(ignition) OVER (ORDER BY timestamp) = ignition OR ignition = 0 THEN 0 ELSE 1 END AS switch_on
FROM
vehiclehistorytable
),
ignition_phases AS
(
SELECT
transitions.*,
SUM(switch_on) OVER (ORDER BY timestamp) AS partition_id
FROM
transitions
)
SELECT
MIN(CASE WHEN ignition = 1 THEN timestamp END) AS ignition_on,
MIN(CASE WHEN ignition = 0 THEN timestamp END) AS ignition_off
FROM
ignition_phases
GROUP BY
partition_id
ORDER BY
partition_id
如果您想知道这些时间的卷,请在第一个 cte 中添加一个检查何时发生 switch_off ...
WITH
transitions AS
(
SELECT
vehiclehistorytable.*,
CASE WHEN LAG(ignition) OVER (ORDER BY timestamp) = ignition OR ignition = 0 THEN 0 ELSE 1 END AS switch_on,
CASE WHEN LAG(ignition) OVER (ORDER BY timestamp) = ignition OR ignition = 1 THEN 0 ELSE 1 END AS switch_off
FROM
vehiclehistorytable
),
ignition_phases AS
(
SELECT
transitions.*,
SUM(switch_on) OVER (ORDER BY timestamp) AS partition_id
FROM
transitions
)
SELECT
MIN(CASE WHEN switch_on = 1 THEN timestamp END) AS ignition_on,
MIN(CASE WHEN switch_on = 1 THEN volume END) AS ignition_on_volume,
MIN(CASE WHEN switch_off = 1 THEN timestamp END) AS ignition_off,
MIN(CASE WHEN switch_off = 1 THEN volume END) AS ignition_off_volume
FROM
ignition_phases
GROUP BY
partition_id
ORDER BY
partition_id
编辑:处理来自的 NULL 的反转逻辑LAG()
演示:https ://dbfiddle.uk/?rdbms=sqlserver_2019&fiddle=04a5ee6c62671cde5884a392831e0f16
推荐阅读
- sql - 为什么我的结果中不能包含另一个表中的列?
- python-3.x - 使用python从数据透视表显示详细信息选项中读取生成的excel表
- kubernetes - 网络插件为 calico 时 kubelet 不启动
- kubernetes - Kubernetes 入口重定向和重写
- javascript - 使用 ES6 语法解析编译的默认导出
- vuex - Quasar 框架与 VueX
- c# - 如何在 C# 中合并 Excel 包工作表的单元格?
- python - 如果单元格数据与不同 CSV 文件中的另一个单元格匹配,我如何返回单元格行?Python
- java - 如何将唯一数据从 excel 存储到数据库(使用 apache poi)?
- haskell - 括号中逗号分隔的名称是什么意思 - 作为绑定?